Head of Division

Professor Marc Mendelson

Marc trained in medicine at St Mary’s Hospital London and undertook his PhD at Cambridge University before completing Infectious Diseases training at Addenbrookes Hospital Cambridge and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. His postgraduate studies were at The Rockefeller University in New York before moving to University of Cape Town in 2001 to work on tuberculosis and innate immunity. In 2007, he started the Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine at UCT, which became the first GeoSentinnel Travel Surveillance Network in Africa in 2008, and a National Antimicrobial Stewardship Training Centre in 2014. He was the founding co-chair of the South African Antibiotic Stewardship Programme and has acted as chair of the Ministerial Advisory Committee on Antimicrobial Resistance since 2014. His focus is on national and international policy in relation to Antimicrobial Resistance and is on the WHO’s Expert Advisory Panel on Drug Evaluation and multiple WHO Technical Advisory Panels on AMR and Guideline Development Groups for AMR and COVID-19. He is chair of the Vivli Open Access Antimicrobial Data Program’s Scientific Advisory Group and a member of the GARDP’s scientific advisory committee and the G20 AMR Hub Stakeholders’ Group. Marc has held the offices of Presidency of the Infectious Diseases Society of Southern Africa, the Federation of Infectious Diseases Societies of Southern Africa, and the International Society for Infectious Diseases. He became a Fellow of the Royal Society of South Africa in 2021.

 

Professor Linda-Gail Bekker

Professor Linda-Gail Bekker is the Director of the Desmond Tutu HIV Centre at the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and the Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Chief Executive Officer of the Desmond Tutu Health Foundation. She is an NRF A-rated physician scientist and specialist in HIV and related infectious diseases. Her research interests include programmatic and action research around antiretroviral roll out and TB integration, prevention of HIV in women, youth and MSM. Bekker is involved in several COVID19 vaccine trials and co-leads the Sisonke Phase 3B study which has seen the vaccination of 500 000 health care workers in South Africa. She is a past president of the International AIDS Society (2016-2018).

Consultants

Associate Professor Sipho Dlamini

Sipho Dlamini completed his medical degree, Internal Medicine training and specialist Infectious Disease training at the University of Cape Town and Colleges of Medicine South Africa. His research interests are in HIV and Tuberculosis, the use of vaccines in persons living with HIV infection and on immune-mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions in persons living with HIV. Sipho’s research and clinical activities have provided him an opportunity to be involved many projects such as a study that identified a new dimorphic fungal infection (Emergomycosis africanus) in persons living with HIV. Professional memberships include FIDSSA, the Colleges of Medicine South Africa (CMSA) and the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID). Serves as a member of the National Immunisation Safety Expert Committee (NISEC) an advisory committee to the Minister of Health in South Africa, and member of the Professional Affairs Subcommittee (PAS) for ESCMID.

 

Dr Nectarios Papavarnavas

Dr Tari Papavarnavas completed his medical degree at University of Pretoria and trained in General Internal Medicine and subsequently in Infectious Diseases at University of Cape Town.

He was appointed as an Infectious Diseases sub-specialist in the Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine at UCT in 2022 with a focus on building a comprehensive Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) service at Groote Schuur Hospital in partnership with IPC nurses, Occupational Health practitioners, Quality Assurance, and ward liaisons

Tari has also taken over as Director of the Cape Town GeoSentinel Travel Surveillance Network Site, which surveys travellers from South Africa and those visiting from abroad who act as sentinels for emerging and re-emerging infections

Dr Phiona .E. Namale

Phiona is an Infectious diseases Physician who trained at the University of Cape Town.  She obtained her medical degree from Makerere University in Uganda and did Internal Medicine training at the University of Cape Town and Colleges of Medicine South Africa.

She has a passion for clinical research and evidence-based medicine. She has a Master of Public Health from the University of Cape Town and is currently undertaking PhD studies nested in a clinical trial investigating novel treatment strategies for hospitalized patients with HIV associated disseminated TB. She is the lead investigator of this clinical trial.

Phiona’s interest in HIV and research led to her participation in the HIV observership, Arthur Ashe Endowment for the Defeat of AIDS in in New York City in 2020 and involvement in the VOICE 2022 HIV clinical research training programme. She joined the infectious Diseases Division in 2024 and is tasked with leading the academic and education programme within the division. She is leading the  infectious diseases collaboration with the Renal Transplant unit at Groote Schuur focusing on infection complications and antibiotic stewardship.

Adjunct Positions

Associate Professor Sean Wasserman

Sean Wasserman completed his MBChB and PhD at the University of Cape Town (UCT) and obtained specialist qualifications in Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases at the Colleges of Medicine of South Africa. Sean was a consultant in infectious diseases at Groote Schuur Hospital from 2019 to 2023, and recently took up a position as Reader in Infectious Diseases in the Institute for Infection and Immunity at St George’s, University of London.

Sean is a Principal Investigator at the Discovery Platform for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa) at UCT with a research programme on treatment optimisation for tuberculosis and advanced HIV disease.

Current trials include PRESCIENT, a multi-centre Phase 2c trial of an ultra-short regimen for drug- susceptible pulmonary TB (NCT05556746); REVIVE, a multi-country Phase 3 trial of azithromycin prophylaxis for advanced HIV (NCT05580666); an ACTG study evaluating the use of double dose dolutegravir with rifapentine-based therapy for HIV-associated TB (NCT05630872) and a Phase 2 trial investigating adjunctive rezafungin for pneumocystis pneumonia (NCT05835479). Sean is an investigator on the IMPRINT Fungal HIV Global Health Research Group where he leads a cohort study on pneumocystis pneumonia. He also leads a research site in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa investigating predictors of treatment outcome for drug-resistant TB.

Website links:

St George’s, University of London

https://www.sgul.ac.uk/profiles/sean-wasserman

Infectious Diseases Fellow

Dr Ying Zhao

Ying Zhao completed her MBBCh at the University of the Witwatersrand. She specialized in Internal Medicine and obtained her FCP (SA) in 2019. She enrolled at the University of Cape Town as a Doctoral student in 2020. Her PhD focuses on addressing challenges with the; transition to dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa. Her research interests centre around drug-resistant tuberculosis and antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings. Ying joins the Infectious Diseases training programme at UCT as the 14^th ID Fellow since the inception of the Division in 2007.

 

Dr Priadarshini Arnab

Priya completed her undergraduate degree from the University of Cape Town and returned to finish her FCP in 2022. Her MMed explored the neuropsychiatric effects of efavirenz toxicity. She is also a rotating consultant for Groote Schuur’s general medical team.

 

 

 

Divisional Administrator

Mrs. Faikah Davids

Faikah joined the Division in January 2018. In this position she provides administrative support across the unit to all staff and the Head of Division. She is the point of contact for enquiries for visiting academics and staff. She arrangers staff travel, payments, conferences, grant applications, purchases, and all staff contracts. She also has a background in clinical research administration, data administration, website support, Good clinical practice, Redcap. Previous positions have included part-time Secretary to Head of Department of Medicine at the University of Cape town over a period of 3 years and Clinical Research Assistant in the Division of Clinical Pharmacology at UCT over a period of 13 years where she provided administrative support for all Clinical Trials, to staff in the CCOAT hub, Data administrator, Website support for Global Health Trials, and part-time data administrator for the Clinical Research Centre at University of Cape town.

Research Staff

Associate Professor Esmita Charani

Esmita is an Associate Professor at the University of Cape Town where she is undertaking a Wellcome Trust Career Development Fellowship on intersectional research in antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the PROTEA study, across South Africa and India. She is the Co-Principal Investigator of CAMO-Net South Africa Hub. In the UK, she is an Honorary Reader in Infectious Diseases, AMR and Global Health at the University of Liverpool. Her work in AMR has been recognised through the Academy of Medical Sciences UK-India AMR Visiting Professor Award. She is involved in mentoring and supporting clinical pharmacists and researchers across different healthcare settings and economies in implementing antimicrobial stewardship interventions.

Mrs. Candice Bonaconsa

Candice Bonaconsa is a researcher in the Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine (UCT) since 2019. Prior to this she worked as a clinical nurse in a paediatric setting, followed by a research position with the Child Nurse Practice Development Initiative in the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health (UCT). Recently she completed work on the ASPIRES study (Antibiotic use across Surgical Pathways - Investigating, Redesigning and Evaluating Systems) conducted at Groote Schuur Hospital. This study aimed to investigate the cultural norms, established hierarchies, team roles and methods of communication around antibiotic stewardship and infection prevention and control which operate within the surgical pathway. Currently she is doing a PhD focused on applying novel qualitative approaches to study communication and its impact on team dynamics in relation to infection related decision making. Candice has a keen interest in using and developing visual methods to make visible the practice of everyday doing in clinical settings. She is registered nurse with a Master’s in Nursing from the University of Cape Town.

Katrina Jo Downing

MSc (Biotechnology); PhD (Microbiology); MPH

CAMO-Net South Africa Project Manager

With over 20 years of experience in research and public health in academic institutions, Katrina holds an MSc in Biotechnology from the University of Witwatersrand, a PhD in Microbiology (Molecular Biology) from the University of Cape Town (UCT), and a Master of Public Health degree from UCT. Her post-doctoral training in the field of TB candidate vaccine development provided the background for her role as Project Manager on HPV and HIV vaccine development projects, large-scale, multi-site clinical trials of new TB vaccines and drugs, a multi-centre systems biology project and more recently, a scoping project for the establishment of a research hub to provide scientific and technical support on evidence-based, decision-making on vaccines in WHO Africa member countries. Over the 13 years as the project manager on these South-South and North-South collaborative projects, Katrina gained extensive experience interacting with academic research groups, multiple clinical trial site teams, research and governmental organisations in South Africa, other African countries, the UK, the USA, and Europe. She has also dealt with large international funders such as Wellcome Trust, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, NIH DAIDS, and the EDCTP. This experience was supported by her formal qualifications and training in Project Management and Programme Management (Monitoring and Evaluation), together with training in Good Clinical Practice, Good Clinical Laboratory Practice and Good Laboratory Practice.

Katrina’s personal interests and hobbies include ballet dancing, Pilates, Functional training Yin Yoga, and cooking.

Samkele Mkumbuzi

Samkele is a research officer on the Centres for Antimicrobial Optimisation network (CAMO-net) and Power Relations in Optimisation of Therapies and Equity in Access to Antibiotics (PROTEA) studies. Samkele completed his Bachelor of Pharmacy from the University of the Witwatersrand. He was awarded a Community Service award by the Pharmaceutical Society of South Africa for his contribution to a youth-led NPO Primary Healthcare clinic providing free health services in Central Johannesburg.

Samkele holds multifaceted experience in coordinating Antimicrobial Stewardship operations at hospital and district level. Samkele has served as a member of the Provincial Pharmacovigilance Committee in the Eastern Cape Department of Health where he demonstrated his dedication to excellent pharmaceutical care by contributing to primary and tertiary care formulary development and leading the Causality Assessment team for Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Samkele’s dedication to education extends to his involvement in health promotion & training programs for healthcare professionals, where he shares his expertise in Antimicrobial Stewardship. Currently pursuing a Master’s in Public Health at the University of Cape Town, Samkele’s research interest is in Policy implementation and optimizing the use of antibiotics by enhancing the utility of Antimicrobial Resistance surveillance systems.

Andiswa Kona

Andiswa Kona is a Social Scientist with a background in Community Development and Leadership. Andiswa holds a Master of Philosophy in Social Policy and Development from the University of Johannesburg. Her master’s research focused on the experiences of young black women who participated in an informal online labour platform in Gauteng, KwaZulu Natal, Eastern Cape and Limpopo Province, South Africa. Andiswa has also explored the public transport experiences of black working class women who use taxis, trains and buses in South Africa. In her research with women, she has explored how workers who are women navigate the burden of care of children and households.

Using participatory methods, Andiswa has also engaged with local child and youth focused Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) in Kliptown and Eldorado Park, Johannesburg. Through participatory community-based work, Andiswa gained experience working with children and youth affected by HIV/AIDS, mental and physical disabilities. Andiswa also has experience in exploring Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in an ethnographic study that was conducted in Cape Town, South Africa and Lusaka, Zambia. In Cape Town, Andiswa engaged with local youth from four communities to understand the relationship between WASH, social stability and local governance, but from a youth perspective. This lead to her interest in Health Equity because of the inequity that she observed in Cape Town and how it has a socio-economic impact on households with children and youth.

Over the years, Andiswa has developed a passion for working with women, children and youth from an intersectional and African Feminist lens. She is interested exploring race, gender, class, age and untold stories of intersectionality which shape the lived human experience. Andiswa also has an interest Feminist Economics and Social Reproduction in the Global South. As a young Social Scientist, Andiswa is excited to be making contributions in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially where she is grounded in South Africa and Southern Africa. In her efforts to do this, Andiswa builds resilience by maintaining her wellbeing through her love for animals, sunset watching, beach days and journaling.

Honorary Members of the Division

Honorary Professor Robert Wilkinson

Robert J Wilkinson is a Physician Scientist interested in the understanding and management of tuberculosis and HIV-tuberculosis. He is an employee of Imperial College London and, via partial secondment, directs the Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases in Africa. Publications number ~400, cited ~22000 times (ISI) of which 73 have been cited more than 73 times https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=wilkinson-rj&sort=date). Recognitions include Wellcome Senior Fellowships; A1 rating by NRF (South Africa); Gold medal South African MRC; Scientific prize IUATLD; election to the UK’s Academy of Medical Sciences and a Principal Group leadership of the Francis Crick Institute, London.

 

Honorary Professor Chris Butler

Chris Butler, a GP researcher, trained in medicine at the University of Cape Town, and for a time was a medical registrar at Cecilia Makiwane Hospital: he did doctoral work at the University of Wales College of Medicine, and studied Clinical Epidemiology at The University of Toronto.  He is now a Professorial Fellow at Trinity College, Oxford, Professor of Primary Care at the Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences at the University of Oxford and is the Clinical Director of the University of Oxford Primary Care Clinical Trials Unit.  He chairs the Longitude Prize Advisory Panel, is a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences, and a Senior Investigator of the National Institute of Health Research.  His main research interests are in common infections (especially the appropriate use of antibiotics and antivirals, diagnostics, and antimicrobial resistance), and health behaviour change (especially motivational interviewing in health care). He has expertise in clinical trials, cohort studies, qualitative research, and analysis of routinely collected data.He has led or helped lead >30 randomised controls trials in primary care and currently co-leads the UK National Urgent Public Health Priority Platform Randomised Trial of community treatments for Covid-19 (PRINCIPLE: randomised 7 agents under study) and the UK national priority trial, Platform Adaptive trial of Novel antivirals for early treatment of covid-19 In the Community (PANORAMIC).  Between them, PANORAMIC and PRINCIPLE have randomised >38,000 participants with COVID-19. Chris leads for primary care in the European Clinical Research Alliance on Infections Diseases (ECRIAD), and he  is the coordinator of  ECRAID-Prime, an EU funded platform for earlier phase COVID trials. Chris was the patient-nominated Royal College of General Practitioners Wales General Practitioner or the Year in 2019, and won the Royal College of GPs Research Paper of the year in 2020. He has published >400 scientific papers.

 

Honorary Associate Professor Katalin Wilkinson

Principal Research Scientist at The Francis Crick Institute London; Honorary Associate Professor, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London; Honorary Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town.Her research focuses on the immunology of HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB). More specifically, the reconstitution of the immune response during antiretroviral treatment, to identify correlates of protection and pathogenesis (such as the Tuberculosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome, TB-IRIS); the biosignature of the TB infection spectrum, from latent infection to active disease; preventing TB infection in HIV infected people more effectively; and the pathogenesis of tuberculous meningitis and pericarditis. More recently, her research also included understanding the T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in patients with cancer.

 

Honorary Senior Lecturer Prof Mirfin Mpundu

Prof. Mirfin Mpundu is a public health expert with over 25 years of global leadership experience in infectious diseases, global health security, AMR and gender, pharmaceutical supply chain management, One Health, and international health policy and diplomacy. As the Executive Director of ReAct Africa, he has successfully supported several countries in developing and implementing their AMR Strategies and policies including AMR National Action Plans for over 10 years. He has and continues to provide technical support on AMR strategies and policies to organizations such as the WHO, FAO, WAOH, Africa CDC, and the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) and African countries. His passion on equitable access has led him to successfully implement innovative Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in various hospitals across Africa. Prof. Mpundu also holds consultancy roles with the World Bank and USAID, offering his expertise in AMR. During his tenure as Partnerships & Stakeholder Engagement Lead for ICARS in Africa he pioneered ICARS work roll out in Africa and led flagship programs in stewardship and biosecurity in Zambia, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Zanzibar and . His tenure as Executive Director of the Ecumenical Pharmaceutical Network (EPN) highlights his leadership in improving access to essential medicines in faith-based health facilities in Africa and pioneered a successful pooled procurement system for 4 East African Countries faith-based systems.

Since 2016, Prof. Mpundu has actively engaged students at all educational levels in AMR awareness, innovation and action, including the formation of One-Health student clubs and the Antimicrobial Resistance Leaders Program for Tertiary Students in Africa (AMRLEP), aimed at nurturing "AMR champions". He has recently been appointed Professor in Global Health at the Global Institute of Public Health, Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute, GIPH is affiliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences, He completed his Doctoral studies in Public Health and a Master's in Public Health from Walden University, USA, an MBA from Northwood University USA, and a Bachelor's in Pharmacy from the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania He brings a wealth of educational background to his work in public health and AMR and has supervised both masters and doctoral students at different universities in Africa and the USA.

 

Honorary Research Associate Dr Salim Parker

Salim Parker is a travel medicine and general practitioner. He is the past president of the South African Society of Travel Medicine (SASTM) and serves on the Liaison Committee of the International Society of Travel Medicine (ISTM). He collaborates with the Global Centre for Mass Gathering Medicine (GCMGM) and co-authored the Hajj Travel chapter in the 2020 edition of the CDC Yellow Book, as well as for the upcoming 2023 edition.

 

 

 

 

Honorary Research Associate Dr Helen Struthers

DrHelen Struthers is the Executive Officer of the Anova Health Institute (Anova) and an Honorary Research Associate in the Division of Infectious Diseases & HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine at the University of Cape Town. Anova an independent not for profit research and technical assistance organization, established to improve health through its focus on people infected with or infected by HIV, particularly in developing countries. Dr Struthers has been instrumental in scaling up access to HIV services in the public sector, through leading teams throughout South Africa in close partnership with the Department of Health and other development partners. Dr Struthers has a particular research interest in the intersection of men and the HIV epidemic, in particular MSM.Dr Struthers has been involved in and encouraged research activities in this field as it has been largely neglected in Africa.

 

Honorary Research Associate - Dr Dena van den Bergh

Dr Dena van den Bergh has over 30 years of healthcare experience as an executive with large multinational hospital and healthcare organisations in which she pioneered and led large-scale change to improve healthcare outcomes and efficiencies. With a doctoral degree in Engineering from Warwick University, a master’s degree in Pharmacology and a Bachelor of Pharmacy degree, her expertise spans a unique blend of healthcare knowledge, clinical know-how and systems engineering skills.

Dena now works independently with leaders, teams, and organisations to successfully implement health systems improvement co-designed with stakeholders. Dena is an honorary lecturer at UCT Dept. of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV. Her research interests include the design and implementation of collaborative large-scale change in healthcare including antimicrobial stewardship and infection prevention strategies across different healthcare settings as well as exploring the behavioural and qualitative requirements for effective change leadership in health systems improvement. In 2015 she was awarded the inaugural Lifetime Achievement Award for Outstanding Leadership in Quality Improvement in South Africa by Discovery Health. Dena is also an internationally certified coach, advanced Presenting and Theory U facilitator and certified Feminine Power^TM leader committed to advancing the role of women leaders in health systems change. Outside of work Dena is a dedicated yoga and wellness practitioner and loves spending time with her family in nature.

 

The Division of infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine at University of Cape Town was founded in 2007, two years after the recognition of Infectious Diseases as a sub-specialty of Medicine in South Africa. The Division encompasses the Clinical Unit at Groote Schuur Hospital and two independent research centres, The Centre for Infectious Diseases Research Initiative-Africa (CIDRI-Africa) directed by Professor Robert Wilkinson, and the Desmond Tutu HIV Center (DTHC) directed by Professor Linda-Gail Bekker. It became the first GeoSentinnel Travel Surveillance Network Site in Africa in 2008 and one of two National Training Centres for Antimicrobial Stewardship in 2014.

Clinical Services

The clinical unit at Groote Schuur Hospital provides an inpatient consult service to the hospital with daily consultant-led ward rounds and a joint care management strategy to continue input until discharge. Between 500-750 consultations are undertaken annually. A tertiary level HIV outpatient clinic is undertaken weekly, seeing referrals from within GSH and from referring hospitals and clinics. The ID team perform outreach infectious diseases rounds at DP Marais Hospital, Brooklyn Chest Hospital, Mitchells Plain Hospital, and ad hoc service provision to Victoria, New Somerset, and False Bay hospitals. Antibiotic stewardship rounds are performed weekly in the departments of General Internal Medicine, Haematology, and Orthopaedics. The Division works seamlessly with National Health Laboratory Service colleagues in clinical microbiology and virology to ensure optimum diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship.

A newly appointed sub-specialist in Infectious Diseases (Dr Nectarios Papavarnavas) now leads Groote Schuur Hospital’s Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) programme, with a team of three dedicated IPC practitioners.

Teaching and Training

The Division is the most prolific training centre for Infectious Diseases Fellows in South Africa, offering a 2-year MPhil training programme towards the Cert ID(SA)Phys examination and having trained 13 ID sub-specialists since 2007. It is a national training centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, training doctor-nurse-pharmacist teams from hospitals across South Africa and on the African continent. We have also published guidelines for antibiotic prescribing in South Africa for the South African Antibiotic Stewardship Programme. The Division is a European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Collaborating Centre, welcoming Infectious Diseases trainees from Europe for 1-month observerships in clinical infectious diseases.

A weekly academic programme is undertaken jointly with the departments of Clinical Microbiology and Virology, including blood culture rounds, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Grand Rounds and a joint academic meeting to present cases, review leading publications and welcome national and international speakers. Talks from these meetings are uploaded onto the GSH Infectious Diseases YouTube Channel.

Members of the Division are involved in undergraduate and postgraduate teaching in infectious diseases and HIV medicine for UCT, and we welcome multiple undergraduate elective students from across the world. For students wishing to undertake an undergraduate elective, we suggest applying to the UCT electives office one year prior to your preferred dates.

Research

The research activities of the Division focus on the major burden of infection in South Africa, namely HIV, tuberculosis, and antibiotic resistant bacterial infections. As a GeoSentinel Travel Surveillance Network Site, our research also includes surveillance for emerging and re-emerging infections in travellers. Notable firsts have been renal transplantation of HIV-infected donor kidneys to HIV-positive recipients (led by Professor Muller, Transplantation Surgery) and the first identification of Emmonsia africanus, a dimorphic fungal infection in advanced HIV-infection, the results of both being published in the New England Journal of Medicine. The combined research outputs of the Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine comprise the largest contribution of publications to the Faculty of Health Sciences.

The Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa) was established to foster investigator-led approaches into common continental infectious causes of morbidity and mortality while nurturing the next generation of researchers. Specialist expertise within CIDRI-Africa has predominantly focused on HIV-1, tuberculosis, and the interaction of these diseases. However, no infectious agent is excluded, as recently evidenced in our rapid redirection of resources to the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, since South Africa and Africa face a rising non-communicable disease toll, the intersection of communicable and non-communicable morbidities constitutes a growing priority. The centre has 6 emeritus, 12 principal, 33 contributing investigators, 15 Fellows and 34 mentees.

The Desmond Tutu HIV Center pairs internationally acclaimed research with community-driven development programmes, striving to improve the health and wellbeing of communities it serves while contributing to local and national health policy. It has established clinical research sites with research that includes HIV prevention modalities, vaccine candidates, treatment delivery and adherence , clinical trials, ground-breaking new drugs, and innovation technologies to address tuberculosis transmission. In addition, a socio-behavioural division seeks to understand the complex drivers affecting individual health-seeking behaviour.

 

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1. Mbamalu O, Bonaconsa C, Nampoothiri V, et al. Patient understanding and participation in infection-related care across surgical pathways: a scoping review. Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Jul 19:S1201-9712(21)00595-6. Doo: 10.1016/ijid.2021.07.039. PMID: 34293491

1. Ahuja S, Peiffer-Smadja N, Peven K, et al; ASPIRES study co-investigators Use of Feedback Data to Reduce Surgical Site Infections and Optimize Antibiotic Use in Surgery: A Systematic Scoping Review. Ann Surg. 2021 Apr 21. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000004909. Online ahead of print. PMID: 33973886

1. Chu KM, Owolabi EO, Smith M et al. Establishing a South African national framework for COVID-19 surgical prioritisation. S Afr Med J. Published online 23 March 2021. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2021.v111i5.15603

1. Huttner A, Bricheux A, Buurmeijer-van Dijk CJM et al; Joint ESCMID, FEMS, IDSA, ISID and SSI position paper on the fair handling of career breaks among physicians and scientists when assessing eligibility for early-career awards. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021 Feb 18:S1198-743X(21)00056-2. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.01.029. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33609786.

1. Mendelson M. Speakers from low- and middle-income countries should have a greater voice at ESCMID conferences. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021 Feb 27;27(8):1182, doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.02.022. PMID: 33652132

1. Bonaconsa C, Mbamalu O, Mendelson M et al. Groote Schuur Hospital Antimicrobial Stewardship and Surgical Study Group. Visual mapping of team dynamics and communication patterns on surgical ward rounds: an ethnographic study. BMJ Qual Saf 2021;0:1-13. Doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2020-012372

1. Singh S, Mendelson M, Surendran S, et al. ASPIRES co-investigators. Investigating infection management and antimicrobial stewardship in surgery: a qualitative study from India and South Africa. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021 Jan 7:S1198-734X(20)30773. Doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.12.013

1. WHO Solidarity Trial Consortium. Repurposed antiviral drugs for Covid-19 – Interim Solidarity Trial Results. N Engl J Med. 2021 Feb 11;384(6)497-511

1. Margolin E, Burgers WA, Sturrock ED, et al. Prospects for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines in Africa. [published online ahead of print, 2020 Sep 10]. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2020;10.1038/s41579-020-00441-3. doi:10.1038/s41579-020-00441-3

1. Pezzani MD, Carrara E, Sibani M et al, ARCH working group. White Paper: Bridging the gap between human and animal surveillance data, antibiotic policy and stewardship in the hospital sector-practical guidance from JPIAMR ARCH and COMBACTE-MAGNET Epi Net networks. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2020 Dec 6;75(suppl 2):ii20-ii32. PMID: 33280046.

1. Morel CM, Alm RA, Årdal C… et al; GAP-ON€ network. A one health framework to estimate the cost of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2020 Nov 26;9(1):187. PMID: 33243302 

1. Boulle A, Davies M-A, Hussey H et al. Risk factors for COVID-19 death in a population cohort study from the Western Cape Province, South Africa. [published online ahead of print, 2020 Aug 29]. Clin Infect Dis. 2020; Aug28:ciaa1198. Doi 10/1093/cid/cia1198 PMID 32860699

1. Mendelson M, Booyens L, Boutall A, et al. On behalf of the Groote Schuur Hospital COVID-19 Response Team. The mechanics of setting up a COVID-19 response: Experiences of the COVID-19 epidemic from Groote Schuur Hospital. S Afr Med J 2020;110(10):Published online 4 September 2020. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2020.v110i10.15215

1. Mendelson M, Boloko L, Boutall A, et al. On behalf of the Groote Schuur Hospital COVID-19 Response Team. Clinical management of COVID-19: Experiences of the COVID-19 epidemic from Groote Schuur Hospital. S Afr Med J 2020;110(10):Published online 26 August 2020. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2020.v110i10.15157

1. Veepanattu P, Singh S, Mendelson M, et al. Building resilient and responsive research collaborations to tackle antimicrobial resistance – lessons learnt from India, South Africa and UK. Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Nov;100:278-282

1. Gray C, Peter J, Mendelson M, et al. COVID-19 antibody testing: from hype to immunological reality. S Afr Med J. 2020. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2020.v110i9.15155

1. Blumberg L, Jassat W, Mendelson M, et al. The COVID-19 crisis in South Africa; Protecting the vulnerable (Editorial). S Afr Med J 8 July 2020. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2020. v110i9.15116

1. Pollack M, Madoff LC, Tambyah PA, et al. International Society for Infectious Diseases – Sustained and continuous funding for WHO. Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Jul;96:458. Doi: 10.1016/ijid.2020.05/.052

1. Mendelson M and Madhi SA. South Africa’s coronavirus testing strategy is broken and not fit for purpose: It’s time for a change. S Afr Med J. 2020 Available at http://www.samj.org.za/index.php/samj/article/view/12946

1. Preiser W, Mendelson M, Taljaard J. Optimising influenza vaccination during a SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in South Africa could help maintain the integrity of the healthcare system. S. Afr Med J. 2020 Mar 17;110(4):12873. Doi 10.7196/SAMJ.2020.v110i4.14.1692

1. Mendelson M. Could enhanced influenza and pneumococcal vaccination programs help limit the potential damage from SARS-CoV-2 to fragile health systems of southern hemisphere countries this winter? Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Mar 16. pii: S1201-9712(20)30149-1. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.030. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available. PMID:32194236

1. Barr DA, Lewis JM, Feasey N, et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis bloodstream infection prevalence, diagnosis, and mortality risk in seriously ill adults with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Mar 13. pii: S1473-3099(19)30695-4. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30695-4. [Epub ahead of print] PMID:32178764

1. Huttner B, Cappello B, Cooke G, et al. WHO EML Antibiotic Working Group. 2019 CAP Treatment Guidelines - The Need for a Change Towards a More Parsimonious Antibiotic Use? Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Feb 18. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201911-2226LE. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available. PMID: 32069065

1. Laxminarayan R, Van Boeckel T, Frost I, et al. The Lancet Infectious Diseases Commission on antimicrobial resistance: 6 years later. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Apr;20(4):e51-e60. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30003-7. Epub 2020 Feb 11. Review. Erratum in: Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Apr;20(4):e50. PMID:32059790

1. Papavarnavas NS, Brink AJ, Dlamini SK, et al. Practice Update to optimise the performance and interpretation of blood cultures: 2022. Accepted for publication. S. Afr Med J. CME 2022.

1. du Bruyn E, Stek C, Daroowala R, et al. Communicable and non-communicable co-morbidities and the presentation of COVID-19 in an African setting of high HIV-1 and tuberculosis prevalence. medRxiv. 2021 Jan 1.doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.11.21256479

1. Boloko L, Lifson A, Little F, et al. Severity and inpatient mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia from Beta variant infection: a clinical cohort study in Cape Town, South Africa. medRxiv. 2021 Jan 1. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.04.21265916

1. Papavarnavas NS, Frankenfeld P, Singh P, et al.  The best and worst of times – effects of COVID-19 on junior doctors and medical students at GSH. SAMA insider, 2021.

1. Diana NE, Kalla IS, Wearne N, et al. Acute kidney injury during the COVID-19 pandemic–experience from two tertiary centres in South Africa. Wits Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020 Nov 9;2(3):189-98.

1. Korsten, K., Adriaenssens, N., Coenen, S., Butler, C. C., Verheij, T. J. M., Bont, L. J., . . . RESCEU Investigators. (2022). World Health Organization Influenza-Like Illness Underestimates the Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.. The Journal of infectious diseases, 226(Suppl 1), S71-S78. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab452

1. Zuurbier, R. P., Korsten, K., Verheij, T. J. M., Butler, C., Adriaenssens, N., Coenen, S., . . . REspiratory Syncytial Virus Consortium in EUrope (RESCEU) Investigators. (2022). Performance Assessment of a Rapid Molecular Respiratory Syncytial Virus Point-of-Care Test: A Prospective Community Study in Older Adults.. The Journal of infectious diseases, 226(Suppl 1), S63-S70. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab600

1. Korsten, K., Adriaenssens, N., Coenen, S., Butler, C. C., Pirçon, J. Y., Verheij, T. J. M., . . . RESCEU Investigators. (2022). Contact With Young Children Increases the Risk of Respiratory Infection in Older Adults in Europe-the RESCEU Study.. The Journal of infectious diseases, 226(Suppl 1), S79-S86. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiab519

1. Gbinigie, O. A., Boylan, A. -M., Butler, C. C., Heneghan, C. J., & Tonkin-Crine, S. (2022). Enhancing opportunistic recruitment and retention in primary care trials: lessons learned from a qualitative study embedded in the Cranberry for Urinary Tract Infection (CUTI) feasibility trial.. BMC primary care, 23(1), 184. doi:10.1186/s12875-022-01796-7

1. van der Westhuizen, H. -M., Dorward, J., Roberts, N., Greenhalgh, T., Ehrlich, R., Butler, C. C., & Tonkin-Crine, S. (n.d.). Health worker experiences of implementing TB infection prevention and control: A qualitative evidence synthesis to inform implementation recommendations. PLOS Global Public Health, 2(7), e0000292. doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0000292

1. D'Hulster, L., Abrams, S., Bruyndonckx, R., Anthierens, S., Adriaenssens, N., Butler, C. C., . . . Coenen, S. (2022). Nationwide implementation of online communication skills training to reduce overprescribing of antibiotics: a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial in general practice.. JAC-antimicrobial resistance, 4(3), dlac070. doi:10.1093/jacamr/dlac070

1. Dorward, J., Naidoo, J., Moodley, P., Sookrajh, Y., Samsunder, N., Sayed, F., . . . Garrett, N. (2022). Diagnostic accuracy of the rapid Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load XC, Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load & m-PIMA HIV-1/2 Viral Load in South African clinics. JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. doi:10.1097/QAI.0000000000003037

1. Wanat, M., Santillo, M., Galal, U., Davoudianfar, M., Bongard, E., Savic, S., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2022). Mixed-methods evaluation of a behavioural intervention package to identify and amend incorrect penicillin allergy records in UK general practice. BMJ Open, 12(6). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057471

1. Blyth, M. H., Cannings-John, R., Hay, A. D., Butler, C. C., & Hughes, K. (2022). Is the NICE traffic light system fit-for-purpose for children presenting with undifferentiated acute illness in primary care?. Archives of disease in childhood, 107(5), 444-449. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2021-322768

1. van der Velden, A. W., van de Pol, A. C., Bongard, E., Cianci, D., Aabenhus, R., Balan, A., . . . Butler, C. C. (2022). Point-of-care testing, antibiotic prescribing, and prescribing confidence for respiratory tract infections in primary care: a prospective audit in 18 European countries. . BJGP open, BJGPO.2021.0212. doi:10.3399/bjgpo.2021.0212

1. Hayward, G. N., & Butler, C. C. (2022). Author response.. The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 72(717), 158. doi:10.3399/bjgp22x718925

1. Mao, Z., Li, X., Korsten, K., Bont, L., Butler, C., Wildenbeest, J., . . . RESCEU Investigators. (2022). Economic Burden and Health-Related Quality of Life of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza Infection in European Community-Dwelling Older Adults. . The Journal of infectious diseases, 226(Supplement_1), S87-S94. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiac069

1. Clark, A., Cannings-John, R., Blyth, M., Hay, A. D., Butler, C. C., & Hughes, K. (2022). Accuracy of the NICE traffic light system in children presenting to general practice: a retrospective cohort study.. The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 72(719), e398-e404. doi:10.3399/bjgp.2021.0633

1. Dorward, J., Yu, L. -M., Hayward, G., Saville, B., Gbinigie, O. A., van Hecke, O., . . . Hobbs, F. D. R. (2022). Colchicine for COVID-19 in the community (PRINCIPLE): a randomised, controlled, adaptive platform trial. British Journal of General Practice, 72(720), e446-e455. doi:10.3399/bjgp.2022.0083

1. Wanat, M., Santillo, M., Borek, A., Butler, C., Anthierens, S., & Tonkin-Crine, S. (2022). The value, challenges and practical considerations of conducting qualitative research on antimicrobial stewardship in primary care. JAC Antimicrobial Resistance, 4(2). doi:10.1093/jacamr/dlac026

1. Borek, A. J., Pilbeam, C., Mableson, H., Wanat, M., Atkinson, P., Sheard, S., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2022). Experiences and concerns of health workers throughout the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: a longitudinal qualitative interview study. PLoS One, 17(3). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0264906

1. Gbinigie, O. A., Tonkin-Crine, S., Butler, C. C., Heneghan, C. J., & Boylan, A. -M. (2022). Non-antibiotic treatment of acute urinary tract infection in primary care: a qualitative study.. The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 72(717), e252-e260. doi:10.3399/bjgp.2021.0603

1. Butler, C. C., & PANORAMIC Trial Investigators. (2022). Response to Dal-Ré and Holm's ethical concern regarding the UK PANORAMIC COVID-19 trial by the PANORAMIC Investigators.. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 88(7), 3542. doi:10.1111/bcp.15299
2. Borek, A., Santillo, M., Wanat, M., Butler, C., & Tonkin-Crine, S. (2022). How can behavioural science contribute to qualitative research on antimicrobial stewardship in primary care? . JAC Antimicrobial Resistance, 4(1). doi:10.1093/jacamr/dlac007

1. Verheij, T. J., Cianci, D., van der Velden, A. W., Butler, C. C., Bongard, E., Coenen, S., . . . Ieven, M. (2022). Clinical presentation, microbiological aetiology and disease course in patients with flu-like illness: a post hoc analysis of randomised controlled trial data.. The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 72(716), e217-e224. doi:10.3399/bjgp.2021.0344

1. Cake, C., Ogburn, E., Pinches, H., Coleman, G., Seymour, D., Woodard, F., . . . Butler, C. (2022). Development and evaluation of rapid data-enabled access to routine clinical information to enhance early recruitment to the national clinical platform trial of COVID-19 community treatments. Trials, 23. doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05965-4

1. Wanat, M., Hoste, M. E., Gobat, N. H., Anastasaki, M., Böhmer, F., Chlabicz, S., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2022). Patients' and clinicians' perspectives on the primary care consultations for acute respiratory infections during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: an eight-country qualitative study in Europe. BJGP Open. doi:10.3399/bjgpo.2021.0172

1. van der Pol, S., Jansen, D. E. M. C., van der Velden, A. W., Butler, C. C., Verheij, T. J. M., Friedrich, A. W., . . . van Asselt, A. D. I. (2022). The Opportunity of Point-of-Care Diagnostics in General Practice: Modelling the Effects on Antimicrobial Resistance.. PharmacoEconomics, 40(8), 823-833. doi:10.1007/s40273-022-01165-3

1. Shepperd, S., Cradduck-Bamford, A., Butler, C., Ellis, G., Godfrey, M., Gray, A., . . . Young, J. (2022). Hospital at Home admission avoidance with comprehensive geriatric assessment to maintain living at home for people aged 65 years and over: a RCT. Health and Social Care Delivery Research, 10(2), 1-124. doi:10.3310/htaf1569

1. Gillespie, D., Francis, N., Ahmed, H., Hood, K., Llor, C., White, P., . . . Butler, C. (2022). Associations with Post-Consultation Health-Status in Primary Care Managed Acute Exacerbation of COPD.. International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 17, 383-394. doi:10.2147/copd.s340710

1. Borek, A. J., Maitland, K., McLeod, M., Campbell, A., Hayhoe, B., Butler, C. C., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on community antibiotic prescribing and stewardship: A qualitative interview study with general practitioners in England. Antibiotics, 10(12). doi:10.3390/antibiotics10121531

1. Hobbs, F. D. R., Yu, L. -M., Saville, B. R., Bafadhel, M., & Butler, C. C. (2021). High-dose budesonide for early COVID-19 - Authors' reply. Lancet, 398(10317), 2147-2148. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)02449-1

1. Ashdown, H. F., Smith, M., McFadden, E., Pavord, I. D., Butler, C. C., & Bafadhel, M. (2022). Blood eosinophils to guide inhaled maintenance therapy in a primary care COPD population. . ERJ open research, 8(1), 606-2021. doi:10.1183/23120541.00606-2021

1. Smith, M. C., Ashdown, H. F., Sheppard, J. P., Butler, C. C., & Bankhead, C. (2021). Statin prescription in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and risk of exacerbations: a retrospective cohort study in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.. BMJ Open, 11(12), e050757. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050757

1. Smith, M., Ashdown, H., Sheppard, J., Butler, C., & Bankhead, C. (2021). Statin prescription in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and risk of exacerbations: a retrospective cohort study in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. BMJ Open, 11(12). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050757

1. Borek, A., Maitland, K., Mcleod, M., Campbell, A., Hayhoe, B., Butler, C., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on community antibiotic prescribing and stewardship: a qualitative interview study with general practitioners in England. medRxiv. doi:10.1101/2021.11.19.21266529

1. Matheeussen, V., Loens, K., Kuijstermans, M., Jacobs, K., Coenen, S., van der Velden, A. W., . . . Ieven, M. (2021). Diagnostic performance of the Idylla™ respiratory panel for molecular detection of influenza A/B in patients presenting to primary care with influenza-like illness during 3 consecutive influenza seasons.. Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology, 144, 104998. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2021.104998

1. Hayward, G., Mort, S., Yu, L. -M., Voysey, M., Glogowska, M., Croxson, C., . . . Butler, C. C. (2022). Urine collection devices to reduce contamination in urine samples for diagnosis of uncomplicated UTI: a single-blind randomised controlled trial in primary care. British Journal of General Practice, 72(716), e225-e33. doi:10.3399/bjgp.2021.0359

1. Borek, A., Pouwels, K., Van Hecke, O., Robotham, J. V., Butler, C., & Tonkin-Crine, S. (2021). The role of locum GPs in antibiotic prescribing and stewardship: a mixed-methods study. British Journal of General Practice, 72(715), e118-e127. doi:10.3399/BJGP.2021.0354

1. Mohammed, H., Mather, M. W., Lumb, J., Butler, C. C., & Wilson, J. A. (2021). Otitis externa - what is the problem with getting it right? A mixed-methods study in primary and secondary care.. The Journal of laryngology and otology, 1-25. doi:10.1017/s0022215121003005

1. Lin, G. -L., Drysdale, S. B., Snape, M. D., O'Connor, D., Brown, A., MacIntyre-Cockett, G., . . . Pollard, A. J. (2021). Publisher Correction: Distinct patterns of within-host virus populations between two subgroups of human respiratory syncytial virus.. Nature communications, 12(1), 5971. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26291-y

1. Ouchi, D., García-Sangenís, A., Moragas, A., van der Velden, A. W., Verheij, T. J., Butler, C. C., . . . Llor, C. (2022). Clinical prediction of laboratory-confirmed influenza in adults with influenza-like illness in primary care. A randomized controlled trial secondary analysis in 15 European countries.. Family practice, 39(3), 398-405. doi:10.1093/fampra/cmab122

1. Moragas, A., Garcia-Sangenís, A., Prats Escudero, A., Bayona Faro, C., Hernández Ibáñez, R., Brotons, C., . . . Llor, C. (2021). [Prevalence of microbiologically-confirmed influenza in patients with influenza-like illness in primary care and clinical and epidemiological characteristics].. Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia, 34(5), 468-475. doi:10.37201/req/032.2021

1. PRINCIPLE Trial Collaborative Group., Dorward, J., Yu, L. -M., Hayward, G., Saville, B., Gbinigie, O., . . . Hobbs, F. D. R. (n.d.). Colchicine for COVID-19 in adults in the community (PRINCIPLE): a randomised, controlled, adaptive platform trial. medRxiv. doi:10.1101/2021.09.20.21263828

1. Francis, N. A., O'Reilly, G., Thompson, N., Becque, T., Hay, A. D., Wang, K., . . . Verheij, T. (2021). Antibiotics for lower respiratory tract infection in children presenting in primary care in England (ARTIC PC): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet, 398(10309), 1417-1426. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01431-8

1. Borek, A., Campbell, A., Dent, E., Moore, M., Butler, C. C., Holmes, A., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2021). Development of an intervention to support the implementation of evidence-based strategies for optimising antibiotic prescribing in general practice. Implementation Science Communications, 2. doi:10.1186/s43058-021-00209-7

1. Wanat, M., Hoste, M., Gobat, N., Anastasaki, M., Böhmer, F., Chlabicz, S., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2021). Supporting primary care professionals to stay in work during the COVID-19 pandemic: Views on personal risk and access to testing during the first wave of pandemic in Europe. Frontiers in Medicine, 8. doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.726319

1. Morrell, E., Roope, L., Pouwels, K., Buchanan, J., Butler, C., Tonkin-Crine, S., . . . Wordsworth, S. (2021). Public preferences for delayed or immediate antibiotic prescriptions in UK primary care: a choice experiment. PLoS Medicine, 18(8). doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003737

1. Lin, G. -L., Drysdale, S. B., Snape, M. D., O'Connor, D., Brown, A., MacIntyre-Cockett, G., . . . Pollard, A. J. (2021). Distinct patterns of within-host virus populations between two subgroups of human respiratory syncytial virus. Nature Communications, 12(1). doi:10.1038/s41467-021-25265-4

1. Yu, L. -M., Dorward, J., Saville, B. R., Hobbs, F. D. R., Yu, L. -M., Bafadhel, M., . . . Ramakrishnan, S. (2021). Inhaled budesonide for COVID-19 in people at high risk of complications in the community in the UK (PRINCIPLE): a randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial. The Lancet, 398(10303), P843-855. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01744-x

1. Butler, C., Ellis, C., Folegatti, P., Swayze, H., Allen, J., Lawrie, A., . . . Gilbert, S. (2021). Efficacy and safety of a modified Vaccinia Ankara-NP+M1 vaccine combined with QIV in people aged 65 and older: a randomised controlled clinical trial (INVICTUS). Vaccines, 9(8). doi:10.3390/vaccines9080851

1. van der Velden, A. W., Bongard, E., Munck Aabenhus, R., Anastasaki, M., Anthierens, S., Balan, A., . . . Butler, C. C. (2021). Primary care for patients with respiratory tract infection before and early on in the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study in 16 European countries. BMJ Open, 11(7), e049257. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049257

1. Butler, C., Yu, L. -M., Dorward, J., Gbinigie, O., Hayward, G., Saville, B. R., . . . Hobbs, F. D. R. (2021). Doxycycline for community treatment of suspected COVID-19 in people at high risk of adverse outcomes in the UK (PRINCIPLE): a randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 9(9), 1010-1020. doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00310-6

1. de Lusignan, S., Joy, M., Sherlock, J., Tripathy, M., van Hecke, O., Gbinigie, K., . . . Hobbs, F. R. (2021). PRINCIPLE trial demonstrates scope for in-pandemic improvement in primary care antibiotic stewardship: a retrospective sentinel network cohort study.. BJGP Open, 5(5). doi:10.3399/bjgpo.2021.0087

1. Li, X., Bilcke, J., van der Velden, A. W., Bongard, E., Bruyndonckx, R., Sundvall, P. -D., . . . Beutels, P. (2021). Direct and indirect costs of influenza-like illness treated with and without oseltamivir in 15 European countries: a descriptive analysis alongside the randomised controlled ALIC4E trial. Clinical Drug Investigation, 41(8), 685-699. doi:10.1007/s40261-021-01057-y

1. Bruyndonckx, R., Stuart, B., Little, P., Hens, N., Ieven, M., Butler, C. C., . . . Coenen, S. (2021). The effect of amoxicillin in adult patients presenting to primary care with acute cough predicted to have pneumonia or a combined viral-bacterial infection. Antibiotics, 10(7). doi:10.3390/antibiotics10070817

1. Hayward, G., Butler, C. C., Yu, L. -M., Saville, B. R., Berry, N., Dorward, J., . . . Hobbs, F. D. R. (2021). Platform Randomised trial of INterventions against COVID-19 In older peoPLE (PRINCIPLE): protocol for a randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform, trial of community treatment of COVID-19 syndromic illness in people at higher risk. BMJ Open, 11(6). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046799

1. Wanat, M., Anthierens, S., Butler, C. C., Savic, L., Savic, S., Pavitt, S. H., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2021). Management of penicillin allergy in primary care: a qualitative study with patients and primary care physicians. BMC Family Practice , 22. doi:10.1186/s12875-021-01465-1

1. Patel, M., Dorward, J., Yu, L. -M., Hobbs, F. D. R., & Butler, C. (2021). Inclusion and diversity in the PRINCIPLE trial. Lancet, 397(10291), 2251-2252. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00945-4

1. Wanat, M., Hoste, M., Gobat, N., Anastasaki, M., Boehmer, F., Chlabicz, S., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2021). Transformation of primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic: experiences of healthcare professionals in eight European countries. British Journal of General Practice, 71(709), e634-e642. doi:10.3399/BJGP.2020.1112

1. Moore, A., Cannings-John, R., Butler, C. C., McNulty, C. A., & Francis, N. A. (2021). Alternative approaches to managing respiratory tract infections: a survey of public perceptions.. BJGP Open, 5(2), 1-12. doi:10.3399/bjgpo.2020.0124

1. Shepperd, S., Butler, C., Cradduck-Bamford, A., Ellis, G., Gray, A., Hemsley, A., . . . Young, J. (2021). Is comprehensive geriatric assessment admission avoidance hospital at home an alternative to hospital admission for older persons? A randomized trial. Annals of Internal Medicine, 174(7), 889-898. doi:10.7326/m20-5688

1. Yu, L. -M., Ramakrishnan, S., Bafadhel, M., Dorward, J., Hayward, G., Saville, B. R., . . . Butler, C. C. (2021). Inhaled budesonide for COVID-19 in people at higher risk of adverse outcomes in the community: interim analyses from the PRINCIPLE trial. medRxiv. doi:10.1101/2021.04.10.21254672

1. Ramakrishnan, S., Nicolau, D., Langford, B., Mahdi, M., Jeffers, H., Mwasuku, C., . . . Bafadhel, M. (2021). Inhaled budesonide in the treatment of early COVID-19 (STOIC): a phase 2, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 9(7), 763-772. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00160-0

1. Butler, C., Ramakrishnan, S., Nicolau, D. V., Langford, B., Mahdi, M., Jeffers, H., . . . Bafadhel, M. (2021). Inhaled budesonide in the treatment of early COVID-19 (STOIC): a phase 2, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respiratory Medicine. doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00160-0

1. Butler, C. C., Owen-Jones, E., Lau, M., Gillespie, D., Lown, M., Calder, P. C., . . . Francis, N. A. (2021). Probiotics to reduce antibiotic administration in care home residents aged 65 years and older: the PRINCESS RCT. Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation, 8(7), 1-128. doi:10.3310/eme08070

1. Korsten, K., Adriaenssens, N., Coenen, S., Butler, C., Ravanfar, B., Rutter, H., . . . Pollard, A. (2021). Burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in community-dwelling older adults in Europe (RESCEU): an international prospective cohort study. European Respiratory Journal, 57(4). doi:10.1183/13993003.02688-2020

1. Wang, K., Sempl, M., Moore, M., Tonner, S., Galal, U., Grabey, J., . . . Harnden, A. (2021). The early use of Antibiotics for at Risk CHildren with InfluEnza-like illness (ARCHIE): a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial. European Respiratory Journal, 58(4). doi:10.1183/13993003.02819-2020

1. Buchanan, J., Roope, L., Morrell, L., Pouwels, K., Robotham, J., Abel, L., . . . Wordsworth, S. (2021). Preferences for medical consultations from online providers: evidence from a discrete choice experiment in the United Kingdom. Applied Health Economics and Health Policy, 19, 521-535. doi:10.1007/s40258-021-00642-8

1. Castro-Herrera, V. M., Fisk, H. L., Wootton, M., Lown, M., Owen-Jones, E., Lau, M., . . . Calder, P. C. (2021). Combination of the probiotics Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, BB-12 has limited effect on biomarkers of immunity and inflammation in older people resident in care homes: Results from the Probiotics to Reduce Infections iN CarE home reSidentS Randomized, Controlled Trial. Frontiers in Immunology, 12. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.643321

1. PRINCIPLE Trial Collaborative Group., Butler, C. C., Dorward, J., Yu, L. -M., Gbinigie, O., Hayward, G., . . . Hobbs, F. D. R. (2021). Azithromycin for community treatment of suspected COVID-19 in people at increased risk of an adverse clinical course in the UK (PRINCIPLE): a randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial. Lancet, 397(10279), 1063-1074. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00461-X

1. Gillespie, D., Butler, C. C., Bates, J., Hood, K., Melbye, H., Phillips, R., . . . Francis, N. A. (2021). Associations with antibiotic prescribing for acute exacerbation of COPD in primary care: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. British Journal of General Practice, 71(705), e266-e272. doi:10.3399/bjgp.2020.0823

1. Gbinigie, O., Allen, J., Williams, N., Moore, M., Hay, A. D., Heneghan, C., . . . Butler, C. C. (2021). Does cranberry extract reduce antibiotic use for symptoms of acute uncomplicated urinary tract infections (CUTI)? A feasibility randomised trial. BMJ Open, 11(2). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046791

1. de Lusignan, S., Lopez Bernal, J., Byford, R., Amirthalingam, G., Ferreira, F., Akinyemi, O., . . . Hobbs, F. D. R. (2021). Influenza and respiratory virus surveillance, vaccine uptake, and effectiveness at a time of cocirculating COVID-19: Protocol for the English primary care Sentinel system for 2020-2021. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 7(2). doi:10.2196/24341

1. Dorward, J., Sookrajh, Y., Ngobese, H., Lessells, R., Sayed, F., Bulo, E., . . . Garrett, N. (2021). Protocol for a randomised feasibility study of Point-Of-care HIV viral load testing to Enhance Re-suppression in South Africa: the POwER study. BMJ Open, 11(2). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045373

1. Mellor, M. M., Bast, A. C., Jones, N., Roberts, N. W., Ordonez-Mena, J., Reith, A. J. M., . . . Dorward, J. (2021). Risk of adverse coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes for people living with HIV. AIDS, 35(4), F1-F10. doi:10.1097/QAD.0000000000002836

1. Dorward, J., Khubone, T., Gate, K., Ngobese, H., Sookrajh, Y., Mkhize, S., . . . Garrett, N. (2021). The impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on HIV care in 65 South African primary care clinics: an interrupted time series analysis. Lancet HIV, 8(3), E158-E165. doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(20)30359-3

1. Willcox, M., Simpson, C., Wilding, S., Stuart, B., Soilemezi, D., Whitehead, A., . . . Moore, M. (2021). Pelargonium sidoides root extract for the treatment of acute cough due to lower respiratory tract infection in adults: a feasibility double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 21(1). doi:10.1186/s12906-021-03206-4

1. Borek, A., Campbell, A., Dent, E., Butler, C., Holmes, A., Moore, M., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2021). Implementing interventions to reduce antibiotic use: a qualitative study in high-prescribing practices. BMC Family Practice, 22. doi:10.1186/s12875-021-01371-6

1. Franssen, M., Cook, J., Robinson, J., Williams, N., Glogowska, M., Yang, Y., . . . Hayward, G. (2021). D-MannosE to prevent Recurrent urinary tract infecTions (MERIT): protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open, 11(1). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037128

1. Castro-Herrera, V. M., Lown, M., Fisk, H. L., Owen-Jones, E., Lau, M., Lowe, R., . . . Calder, P. C. (2021). Relationships Between Age, Frailty, Length of Care Home Residence and Biomarkers of Immunity and Inflammation in Older Care Home Residents in the United Kingdom.. Frontiers in aging, 2, 599084. doi:10.3389/fragi.2021.599084

1. Mohammed, H., Mather, M. W., Lumb, J., Butler, C. C., & Wilson, J. A. (2022). Otitis externa: what is the problem with getting it right? A mixed-methods study in primary and secondary care.. The Journal of laryngology and otology, 136(6), 486-491. doi:10.1017/s0022215121003649

1. Bruyndonckx, R., Bilcke, J., van der Velden, A. W., Li, X., Hens, N., Coenen, S., . . . Beutels, P. (2022). Impact of Adding Oseltamivir to Usual Care on Quality-Adjusted Life-Years During Influenza-Like Illness.. Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, 25(2), 178-184. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2021.08.001

1. Edwards, L., Cannings-John, R., Butler, C., & Francis, N. (2021). Identifying factors associated with spontaneous restoration of hearing in children with otitis media with effusion.. Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery, 46(1), 243-248. doi:10.1111/coa.13654

1. Harbin, N. J., Rystedt, K., Lindbaek, M., Radzeviciene, R., Westin, J., Gunnarsson, R., . . . Sundvall, P. -D. (2021). Does C-reactive protein predict time to recovery and benefit from oseltamivir treatment in primary care patients with influenza-like illness? A randomized controlled trial secondary analysis.. Scandinavian journal of primary health care, 39(4), 527-532. doi:10.1080/02813432.2021.2006482

1. Gbinigie, O. A., Spencer, E. A., Heneghan, C. J., Lee, J. J., & Butler, C. C. (2020). Cranberry Extract for Symptoms of Acute, Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection: A Systematic Review. . Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 10(1), 12. doi:10.3390/antibiotics10010012

1. Borek, A., Wanat, M., Atkins, L., Sallis, A., Ashiru-Oredope, D., Beech, E., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2020). Optimising antimicrobial stewardship interventions in English primary care: a behavioural analysis of qualitative and intervention studies. BMJ Open, 10(12). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039284

1. Van Hecke, O., Lee, J. J., Butler, C. C., Moore, M., & Tonkin-Crine, S. (2020). Using evidence-based infographics to increase parents’ understanding about antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance: a proof-of-concept study. JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance, 2(4). doi:10.1093/jacamr/dlaa102

1. Simpson, C. R., Lone, N. I., Kavanagh, K., Englishby, T., Robertson, C., McMenamin, J., . . . Sheikh, A. (2020). Vaccine effectiveness of live attenuated and trivalent inactivated influenza vaccination in 2010/11 to 2015/16: the SIVE II record linkage study.. Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 24(67), 1-66. doi:10.3310/hta24670

1. Borek, A., Anthierens, S., Allison, R., McNulty, C., Anyanwu, P., Costelloe, C., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (n.d.). Social and Contextual Influences on Antibiotic Prescribing and Antimicrobial Stewardship: 
A Qualitative Study with Clinical Commissioning Group and General Practice Professionals. Antibiotics.

1. Francis, N. A., Gillespie, D., Wootton, M., White, P., Bates, J., Richards, J., . . . Butler, C. C. (2020). Clinical Features and C-Reactive Protein as Predictors of Bacterial Exacerbations of COPD.. International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 15, 3147-3158. doi:10.2147/copd.s265674

1. Vasileiou, E., Sheikh, A., Butler, C. C., Robertson, C., Kavanagh, K., Englishby, T., . . . Simpson, C. R. (2020). Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in People With Asthma: A National Test-Negative Design Case-Control Study.. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 71(7), e94-e104. doi:10.1093/cid/ciz1086

1. Pouwels, K., Roope, L., Buchanan, J., Morrell, L., Tonkin-Crine, S., Peters, M., . . . Wordsworth, S. (2020). Awareness of appropriate antibiotic use in primary care for influenza-like illness: evidence of improvement from UK population-based surveys. Antibiotics, 9(10). doi:10.3390/antibiotics9100690

1. Goggin, K., Hurley, E. A., Bradley-Ewing, A., Bickford, C., Lee, B. R., Pina, K., . . . Myers, A. L. (2020). Reductions in Parent Interest in Receiving Antibiotics following a 90-Second Video Intervention in Outpatient Pediatric Clinics.. The Journal of pediatrics, 225, 138-145.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.06.027

1. Zlateva, K. T., van Rijn, A. L., Simmonds, P., Coenjaerts, F. E. J., van Loon, A. M., Verheij, T. J. M., . . . GRACE Study Group. (2020). Molecular epidemiology and clinical impact of rhinovirus infections in adults during three epidemic seasons in 11 European countries (2007-2010).. Thorax, 75(10), 882-890. doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-214317

1. Santillo, M., Wanat, M., Davoudianfar, M., Bongard, E., Savic, S., Savic, L., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2020). Developing a behavioural intervention package to identify and amend incorrect penicillin allergy records in UK general practice and subsequently change antibiotic use. BMJ Open, 10(10). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035793

1. Mellor, M., Bast, A., Jones, N., Roberts, N., Ordonez-Mena, J., Reith, A., . . . Dorward, J. (2020). Risk of adverse COVID-19 outcomes for people living with HIV: a rapid review and meta-analysis. Health Sciences. doi:10.1101/2020.09.22.20199661

1. Morrell, E., Buchanan, J., Roope, L., Pouwels, K., Butler, C., Tonkin-Crine, S., . . . Wordsworth, S. (2020). Delayed antibiotic prescription by general practitioners in the UK: a stated-choice study. Antibiotics, 9(9). doi:10.3390/antibiotics9090608

1. Cooke, J., Llor, C., Hopstaken, R., Dryden, M., & Butler, C. (2020). Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in primary care: narrative review of C reactive protein (CRP) point-of-care testing (POCT) and antibacterial use in patients who present with symptoms of RTI. . BMJ open respiratory research, 7(1), e000624. doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000624

1. van der Velden, A., Goossens, H., Cianci, D., Bongard, E., Saville, B., Ieven, M., . . . Coenen, S. (2020). Oseltamivir bij infectie door een humaan coronavirus: Post-hocanalyse van gegevens uit 2016-2018.. Huisarts en wetenschap, 63(8), 24-26. doi:10.1007/s12445-020-0792-5

1. Wanat, M., Borek, A., Atkins, L., Sallis, A., Ashiru-Oredope, D., Beech, E., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2020). Optimising interventions for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) in primary, secondary and care home settings. Antibiotics, 9(7). doi:10.3390/antibiotics9070419

1. Butler, C. C., Lau, M., Gillespie, D., Owen-Jones, E., Lown, M., Wootton, M., . . . Francis, N. A. (2020). Effect of probiotic use on antibiotic administration among care home residents: a randomized clinical trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 324(1), 47-56. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.8556

1. Byford, R., Liyanage, H., Briggs, J., Ferreira, F., Akinyemi, O., Dabrera, G., . . . Hobbs, F. D. R. (2020). The Oxford Royal College of General Practitioners Clinical Informatics Digital Hub: Protocol to develop extended COVID-19 surveillance and trial platforms. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 6(3). doi:10.2196/19773

1. Phillips, R., Stanton, H., Singh-Mehta, A., Gillespie, D., Bates, J., Gal, M., . . . Francis, N. (2020). C-reactive protein-guided antibiotic prescribing for COPD exacerbations: a qualitative evaluation.. The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 70(696), e505-e513. doi:10.3399/bjgp20x709865

1. Borek, A., Anthierens, S., Allison, R., McNulty, C., Lecky, D., Costelloe, C., . . . Tonkin-Crine, S. (2020). How did a quality premium financial incentive influence antibiotic prescribing in primary care? Views of clinical commissioning group and general practice professionals. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 75(9), 2681-2688. doi:10.1093/jac/dkaa224

1. Coenen, S., van der Velden, A. W., Cianci, D., Goossens, H., Bongard, E., Saville, B. R., . . . Butler, C. C. (2020). Oseltamivir for coronavirus illness: post-hoc exploratory analysis of an open-label, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial in European primary care from 2016 to 2018.. The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 70(696), e444-e449. doi:10.3399/bjgp20x711941

1. Lee, J., Smith, M., Bankhead, C., Perera-Salazar, R., Kousoulis, A., Butler, C., & Wang, K. (2020). Oseltamivir and influenza-related complications in children: a retrospective cohort in primary care. European Respiratory Journal, 56(2). doi:10.1183/13993003.02246-2019

1. de Lusignan, S., Dorward, J., Byford, R., Liyanage, H., Briggs, J., Ferreira, F., . . . Hobbs, F. D. R. (2020). The Oxford Royal College of General Practitioners clinical informatics digital hub: Protocol to develop extended COVID-19 surveillance and trial platforms. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, 6(3). doi:10.2196/19773

1. Bruyndonckx, R., Coenen, S., Butler, C., Verheij, T., Little, P., Hens, N., . . . GRACE project group. (2020). Respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus infection in adult primary care patients: Association of age with prevalence, diagnostic features and illness course.. International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 95, 384-390. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.020

1. Dorward, J., Msimango, L., Gibbs, A., Hayward, G., & Butler, C. (2020). Understanding how community antiretroviral delivery influences engagement in HIV care: a qualitative assessment of the Centralised Chronic Medication Dispensing and Distribution programme in South Africa. BMJ Open, 10(5). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035412

1. Buchanan, E., Cannings-John, R., Lugg-Widger, F., Hood, K., Butler, C., & Robling, M. (2020). Assessing predictors of respiratory tract infections in infants born to teenage mothers: secondary analysis of the Building Blocks trial data.. Family practice, 37(5), 623-630. doi:10.1093/fampra/cmaa037

1. Vos, L., Bruyndonckx, R., Zuithoff, N., Little, P., Oosterheert, J., Broekhuizen, B., . . . Coenjaerts, F. (2020). Lower respiratory tract infection in the community: associations between viral aetiology and illness course. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 27(1), 96-104. doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.023

1. Verbakel, J. Y., Matheeussen, V., Loens, K., Kuijstermans, M., Goossens, H., Ieven, M., & Butler, C. C. (2020). Performance and ease of use of a molecular point-of-care test for influenza A/B and RSV in patients presenting to primary care.. European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 39(8), 1453-1460. doi:10.1007/s10096-020-03860-5

1. Roope, L., Tonkin-Crine, S., Herd, N., Michie, S., Pouwels, K., Castro-Sanchez, E., . . . Wordsworth, S. (2020). Reducing expectations for antibiotics in primary care: a randomised experiment to test the response to fear-based messages about antimicrobial resistance. BMC Medicine, 18. doi:10.1186/s12916-020-01553-6

1. Francis, N. A., Gillespie, D., White, P., Bates, J., Lowe, R., Sewell, B., . . . Butler, C. C. (2020). C-reactive protein point-of-care testing for safely reducing antibiotics for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the PACE RCT. Health Technology Assessment, 24(15), 1-108. doi:10.3310/hta24150

1. Lecky, D. M., Howdle, J., Butler, C. C., & McNulty, C. A. (2020). Optimising management of UTIs in primary care: a qualitative study of patient and GP perspectives to inform the development of an evidence-based, shared decision-making resource.. The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 70(694), e330-e338. doi:10.3399/bjgp20x708173

1. Sanyaolu, L. N., Cannings-John, R., Butler, C. C., & Francis, N. A. (2020). The effect of ventilation tube insertion on quality of life in children with persistent otitis media with effusion.. Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery, 45(2), 239-247. doi:10.1111/coa.13502

1. Rystedt, K., Harbin, N. J., Lindbaek, M., Radzeviciene, R., Gunnarsson, R., Eggertsen, R., . . . Sundvall, P. -D. (2020). Is C-reactive protein associated with influenza A or B in primary care patients with influenza-like illness? A cross-sectional study.. Scandinavian journal of primary health care, 38(4), 447-453. doi:10.1080/02813432.2020.1843942

1. Birgand G, Charani E, Ahmad R, Bonaconsa C, Mbamalu O, Nampoothiri V, Surendran S, Weiser T.G, Holmes A, Mendelson M. and Singh, S, Interventional research to tackle antimicrobial resistance in Low Middle Income Countries in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons in resilience from an international consortium. IJID.2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.013

1. Nampoothiri V*, Bonaconsa C*., Surendran S., Mbamalu O., Nambatya W., Ahabwe Babigumira P., Ahmad R., Castro-Sanchez E., Broom A, Szymczak J. and Zingg, W. What does antimicrobial stewardship look like where you are? Global narratives from participants in a Massive Open Online Course. JAC AMR. https://doi.org/10.1093/jacamr/dlab186

1. Charani E, McKee M, Ahmad R, Balasegaram M, Bonaconsa C, Buckland Merrett G, Busse R, Carter V, Castro-Sanchéz E, Franklin BD, Georgiou P, Hill-Cawthorne K, Hope W, Kambugu A, Leather A, Mbamalu O, McLeod M, Mendelson M, Mpundu M, Rawson TM, Ricciardi W, Rodriguez-Manzano J, Singh S, Tsioutis C, Uchea C, Zhou N, Holmes A. Optimising antimicrobial use in humans – review of current evidence and an interdisciplinary consensus on key priorities for research. Lancet Reg Heal Eur. 2021.7; 100161.doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100161

1. Mbamalu O, Bonaconsa C, Nampoothiri V, Surendran S, Veepanattu P, Singh S, Dhar P, Carter V, Boutall A, Pennel T, Hampton M, Holmes A, Mendelson M, Charani E. Patient understanding of and participation in infection-related care across surgical pathways: a scoping review. IJID. 2021; 110, 123-134. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.07.039.

1. Bonaconsa C, Mbamalu O, Mendelson M, Boutall A, Warden C, Rayamajhi S, Pennel T, Hampton M, Joubert I, Tarrant C, Holmes A, Charani E, on behalf of the Groote Schuur Hospital Antimicrobial Stewardship and Surgical Study Group., 2021. Visual mapping of team dynamics and communication patterns on surgical ward rounds: An ethnographic study. BMJ Qual Saf. 2021;0:1–13. doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2020-012372.

1. Singh S, Mendelson M, Surendran S, Bonaconsa C, Mbamalu O, Nampoothiri V, Boutall A, Hampton M, Dhar P, Pennel T, Tarrant C, Holmes A, Leather A, Charani E.  Investigating infection management and antimicrobial stewardship in surgery: a qualitative study from India and South Africa. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2021. doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.12.013.

1. Veepanattu P, Singh S, Mendelson M, Nampoothiri V, Edathadatil F, Surendran S, Bonaconsa C, Mbamalu O, Ahuja S, Birgand G et al. Building resilient and responsive research collaborations to tackle antimicrobial resistance – lessons learnt from India, South Africa and UK. 2020. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020; 100, 278-282. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.057.

1. Coetzee M, Leonard A, Bonaconsa C, Power N, North N. Developing children’s nursing care outcome statements in Africa using World Café methods. International Nursing Review. 2020;67(4), 529-534. doi.org/10.1111/inr.12621.

1. North N, Leonard A, Bonaconsa C, Duma T, Coetzee M. Distinctive nursing practices in working with mothers to care for hospitalised children at a district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a descriptive observational study. BMC nursing. 2020;19(1),1-12. doi.org/10.1186/s12912-020-00421-1.

1. Power N, Leonard A, North N, Bonaconsa C, Coetzee M. A scoping review of mother-child separation in clinical paediatric settings. Journal of Child Health Care.2020. doi.org/10.1177%2F1367493520966415

1. Mbamalu O, Surendran S, Charani E (2021). Investigating healthcare worker and public practices and attitudes to the COVID-19 pandemic through a global survey. ISAC/APUA Newsletter, 39 (1): 3–4.

1. Emilia N Mwim, Oluchi N Mbamalu (2021). A systematic literature review protocol for evaluating the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) of South Africa’s e-health system. The 12th International Multi-Conference on Complexity, Informatics and Cybernetics (IMCIC), 9-12 March, Virtual Conference Proceedings.

1. Hughes GD, Mbamalu ON, Okonji CO, Puoane TR (2021). The impact of health disparities on COVID-19 outcomes: early findings from a high-income country and two middle-income countries. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 10.1007/s40615-021-00999-5.

1. Dangarembizi R, Wasserman S, Hoving JC. Emerging and re-emerging fungal threats in Africa. Parasite Immunology. In Press.

1. Hussey H, Davies MA, Heekes A, Williamson C, Valley-Omar Z, Hardie D, Korsman S, Doolabh D, Preiser W, Maponga T, Iranzadeh A, Wasserman S, Boloko L, Symons G, Raubenheimer P, Parker A, Schrueder N, Solomon W, Rousseau P, Wolter N, Jassat W, Cohen C, Lessells R, Wilkinson RJ, Boulle A, Hsiao NY. Assessing the clinical severity of the Omicron variant in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, using the diagnostic PCR proxy marker of RdRp target delay to distinguish between Omicron and Delta infections - a survival analysis. Int J Infect Dis. 2022 May;118:150-154.

1. Wills NK, Nair N, Patel K, Sikder O, Adriaanse M, Eikelboom J, Wasserman S. Efficacy and Safety of Intensified Versus Standard Prophylactic Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9(7): ofac285.

1. Haas DW, Abdelwahab MT, van Beek SW, Baker P, Maartens G, Bradford Y, Ritchie MD, Wasserman S, Meintjes G, Beeri K, Gandhi NR, Svensson EM, Denti P, Brust JCM. Pharmacogenetics of Between-Individual Variability in Plasma Clearance of Bedaquiline and Clofazimine in South Africa. J Infect Dis. 2022 Aug 12;226(1):147-156.

1. Parker A, Boloko L, Moolla MS, Ebrahim N, Ayele BT, Broadhurst AGB, Mashigo B, Titus G, de Wet T, Boliter N, Rosslee MJ, Papavarnavas N, Abrahams R, Mendelson M, Dlamini S, Taljaard JJ, Prozesky HW, Mowlana A, Viljoen AJ, Schrueder N, Allwood BW, Lalla U, Dave JA, Calligaro G, Levin D, Maughan D, Ntusi NAB, Nyasulu PS, Meintjes G, Koegelenberg CFN, Mnguni AT, Wasserman S. Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 admissions in a population with a high prevalence of HIV and tuberculosis: a multicentre cohort study. BMC Infect Dis. 2022 Jun 20;22(1):559.

1. Eikelboom J, Rangarajan S, Jolly SS, Belley-Cote EP, Whitlock R, Beresh H, Lewis G, Xu L, Chan N, Bangdiwala S, Diaz R, Orlandini A, Hassany M, Tarhuni WM, Yusufali AM, Sharma SK, Kontsevaya A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A, Dans AL, Wasserman S, Felix C, Kazmi K, Pais P, Xavier D, Lopes RD, Berwanger O, Nkeshimana M, Harper W, Loeb M, Choudhri S, Farkouh ME, Bosch J, Anand SS, Yusuf S. The Anti-Coronavirus Therapies (ACT) Trials: Design, Baseline Characteristics, and Challenges. CJC Open. 2022 Jun;4(6):568-576.

1. van den Berg K, Glatt TN, Vermeulen M, Little F, Swanevelder R, Barrett C, Court R, Bremer M, Nyoni C, Swarts A, Mmenu C, Crede T, Kritzinger G, Naude J, Szymanski P, Cowley J, Moyo-Gwete T, Moore PL, Black J, Singh J, Bhiman JN, Baijnath P, Mody P, Malherbe J, Potgieter S, van Vuuren C, Maasdorp S, Wilkinson RJ, Louw VJ, Wasserman S. Convalescent plasma in the treatment of moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia: a randomized controlled trial (PROTECT-Patient Trial). Sci Rep. 2022 Feb 15;12(1):2552

1. Wasserman S, Brust JCM, Abdelwahab MT, Little F, Denti P, Wiesner L, Gandhi NR, Meintjes G, Maartens G. Linezolid toxicity in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study. Journal of Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2022;77(4):1146-1154.

1. Brust JCM, Gandhi NR, Wasserman S, Maartens G, Omar SV, Ismail NA, Campbell A, Joseph L, Hahn A, Allana S, Hernandez-Romieu AC, Zhang C, Mlisana K, Viljoen CA, Zalta B, Ebrahim I, Franczek M, Master I, Ramangoaela L, Te Riele J, Meintjes G, PROBeX Study Team. Effectiveness and cardiac safety of bedaquiline-based therapy for drug-resistant tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2021;73(11):2083-2092.

1. Abdelwahab MT, Wasserman S, Brust JCM, Dheda K, Wiesner L, Gandhi NR, Warren RM, Sirgel FA, Meintjes G, Maartens G, Denti P. Linezolid population pharmacokinetics in South African adults with drug-resistant tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021 Sep 20;:AAC0138121. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01381-21. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 34543098.

1. Wasserman S, Davis A, Stek C, Chirehwa M, Botha S, Daroowala R, Bremer M, Maxebengula M, Koekemoer S, Goliath R, Jackson A, Crede T, Naude J, Szymanski P, Vallie Y, Moosa MS, Wiesner L, Black J, Meintjes G, Maartens G, Wilkinson RJ. Plasma Pharmacokinetics of High-Dose Oral versus Intravenous Rifampicin in Patients with Tuberculous Meningitis: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021 Jul 16;65(8):e0014021. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00140-21. Epub 2021 Jul 16.

1. Weir IR, Wasserman S. Treatment effect measures for culture conversion endpoints in phase IIb tuberculosis treatment trials. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Jul 13;. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab576. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 34254635.

1. Riou C, du Bruyn E, Stek C, Daroowala R, Goliath RT, Abrahams F, Said-Hartley Q, Allwood BW, Hsiao NY, Wilkinson KA, Arlehamn CSL, Sette A, Wasserman S, Wilkinson RJ. Relationship of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 response to COVID-19 severity and impact of HIV-1 and tuberculosis coinfection. J Clin Invest. 2021 Jun 15;131(12).

1. Davis AG, Wasserman S, Maxebengula M, Stek C, Bremer M, Daroowala R, Aziz S, Goliath R, Stegmann S, Koekemoer S, Jackson A, Lai Sai L, Kadernani Y, Sihoyiya T, Liang CJ, Dodd L, Denti P, Crede T, Naude J, Szymanski P, Vallie Y, Banderker I, Moosa S, Raubenheimer P, Lai RPJ, Joska J, Nightingale S, Dreyer A, Wahl G, Offiah C, Vorster I, Candy S, Robertson F, Meintjes E, Maartens G, Black J, Meintjes G, Wilkinson RJ. Study protocol for a phase 2A trial of the safety and tolerability of increased dose rifampicin and adjunctive linezolid, with or without aspirin, for HIV-associated tuberculous meningitis [LASER-TBM]. Wellcome Open Res. 2021;6:136. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16783.1.

1. Guglielmetti L, Ardizzoni E, Atger M, Baudin E, Berikova E, Bonnet M, Chang E, Cloez S, Coit JM, Cox V, de Jong BC, Delifer C, Do JM, Tozzi DDS, Ducher V, Ferlazzo G, Gouillou M, Khan A, Khan U, Lachenal N, LaHood AN, Lecca L, Mazmanian M, McIlleron H, Moschioni M, O'Brien K, Okunbor O, Oyewusi L, Panda S, Patil SB, Phillips PPJ, Pichon L, Rupasinghe P, Rich ML, Saluhuddin N, Seung KJ, Tamirat M, Trippa L, Cellamare M, Velásquez GE, Wasserman S, Zimetbaum PJ, Varaine F, Mitnick CD. Evaluating newly approved drugs for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (endTB): study protocol for an adaptive, multi-country randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2021 Sep 25;22(1):651.

1. Bremer M, Kadernani YE, Wasserman S, Wilkinson RJ, Davis AG. Strategies for the diagnosis and management of meningitis in HIV-infected adults in resource limited settings. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2021 Oct;22(15):2053-2070. doi: 10.1080/14656566.2021.1940954. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

1. Boulle A, Davies M-A, Hussey H, ... Wasserman S..., Tamuhla T. Risk Factors for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Death in a Population Cohort Study from the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Oct 5;73(7):e2005-e2015.

1. Ngwalero P, Brust JCM, van Beek SW, Wasserman S, Maartens G, Meintjes G, Joubert A, Norman J, Castel S, Gandhi NR, Denti P, McIlleron H, Svensson EM, Wiesner L. Relationship between Plasma and Intracellular Concentrations of Bedaquiline and Its M2 Metabolite in South African Patients with Rifampin-Resistant Tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021 Oct 18;65(11):e0239920.

1. Allie T, Jackson A, Ambler J, Johnston K, Du Bruyn E, Schultz C, Boloko L, Wasserman S, Davis A, Meintjes G, Wilkinson RJ, Tiffin N. TBDBT: A TB DataBase Template for collection of harmonized TB clinical research data in REDCap, facilitating data standardisation for inter-study comparison and meta-analyses. PLoS One. 2021;16(3):e0249165.

1. Wasserman S, Huo S, Ky K, Malig YN, Esmail A, Dheda K, Bacchetti P, Gerona R, Maartens G, Gandhi M, Metcalfe J. Correlation of Linezolid Hair Concentrations with Plasma Exposure in Patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 Feb 21;64(3). doi: 10.1128/AAC.02145-19. Print 2020 Feb 21. PubMed PMID: 31932382; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7038252.

1. Cerrone M, Bracchi M, Wasserman S, Pozniak A, Meintjes G, Cohen K, Wilkinson RJ. Safety implications of combined antiretroviral and anti-tuberculosis drugs. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2020 Jan;19(1):23-41. doi: 10.1080/14740338.2020.1694901. Epub 2019 Dec 6. Review. PubMed PMID: 31809218; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6938542.

1. Cox V, McKenna L, Acquah R, Reuter A, Wasserman S, Vambe D, Ustero P, Udwadia Z, Triviño-Duran L, Tommasi M, Skrahina A, Seddon JA, Rodolfo R, Rich M, Padanilam X, Oyewusi L, Ohler L, Lungu P, Loveday M, Khan U, Khan P, Hughes J, Hewison C, Guglielmetti L, Furin J. Clinical Perspectives on Treatment of Rifampicin-Resistant/Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 2020; 24(11): 1134-44.

1. Calligaro GL, Lalla U, Audley G, Gina P, Miller MG, Mendelson M, Dlamini S, Wasserman S, Meintjes G, Peter J, Levin D, Dave JA, Ntusi N, Meier S, Little F, Moodley DL, Louw EH, Nortje A, Parker A, Taljaard JJ, Allwood BW, Dheda K, Koegelenberg CFN. The utility of high-flow nasal oxygen for severe COVID-19 pneumonia in a resource-constrained setting: A multi-centre prospective observational study: HFNO for COVID-19 pneumonia. EClinicalMedicine. 2020 Oct 6;100570.  doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100570.  Online ahead of print.

1. Moosa MS, Maartens G, Gunter H, Allie S, Chughlay MF, Setshedi M, Wasserman S, Hickman N, Stewart A, Sonderup M, Spearman CW, Cohen K. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Intravenous N-acetylcysteine in the Management of Anti-tuberculosis Drug-Induced Liver Injury. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Nov 2;73(9):e3377-e3383.

1. Abdelwahab MT*, Wasserman S*, Brust JCM, Gandhi NR, Meintjes G, Everitt D, Diacon A, Dawson R, Wiesner L, Svensson EM, Maartens, G, Denti P. Clofazimine pharmacokinetics in patients with TB: dosing implications. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2020; dkaa310, https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkaa310.

1. Petersen E, Wasserman S, Lee SS, Go U, Holmes AH, Abri SA, McLellan S, Blumberg L, Tambyah P. COVID-19-We urgently need to start developing an exit strategy. International journal of infectious 2020.

1. Van den Berg K, Vermeulen M, Glatt TN, Wasserman S, Barrett CL, Peter J, Brittain D, Louw VJ. COVID-19: Convalescent plasma as a potential therapy. S Afr Med J. 2020 Jun 4;110(7):562-563. Review. PubMed PMID: 32880317

1. Rohlwink UK, Chow FC, Wasserman S, Dian S, Lai RP, Chaidir L, Hamers RL, Wilkinson RJ, Boulware DR, Cresswell FV, van Laarhoven A. Standardized approaches for clinical sampling and endpoint ascertainment in tuberculous meningitis studies. Wellcome Open Res. 2019;4:204. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15497.2. eCollection 2019. PubMed PMID: 32399496; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7194504.

1. Petersen E, Hui D, Hamer DH, Blumberg L, Madoff LC, Pollack M, Lee SS, McLellan S, Memish Z, Praharaj I, Wasserman S, Ntoumi F, Azhar EI, McHugh TD, Kock R, Ippolito G, Zumla A, Koopmans M.. Li Wenliang, a face to the frontline healthcare worker. The first doctor to notify the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2, (COVID-19), outbreak. International journal of infectious diseases. 2020; 93: 205-7.

1. Wasserman S, Furin J. Clarity with INHindsight: High-Dose Isoniazid for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis with inhA Mutations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020.

1. Davis, A.G., Bremer, M., Schäfer, G., Dixon, L., Abrahams, F., Goliath, R.T., Maxebengula. M., Proust, A., Chavda, A., Black, J., Wilkinson, R.J. on behalf of the HIATUS consortium Spectrum of neurological manifestations and systematic evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid for SARS-CoV2 in patients admitted to hospital during the COVID-19 epidemic in South Africa medRciv (2021) https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.14.21254691v1 This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed

1. Abdelgawad N., Chirehwa, M., Schutz, C.,  Barr, D.,  Ward, A.,  Janssen, S., Burton, R., Wilkinson, R.J., Shey, M., Wiesner, L.,  McIlleron, H., Maartens, G., Meintjes, G.A. Denti, P. A comparison of the population pharmacokinetics of rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide between hospitalized and non-hospitalized tuberculosis patients with or without HIV Wellcome Open Research [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]

1. Morfill, C., Pankratova, S., Machado, P., Fernando, N., Regoutz, A., Talamona, F., Pinna, A., Klosowski, M., Wilkinson, R.J., Fleck, R., Xie, F., Porter, A., Kiryushko, D. Nanostars carrying multifunctional neurotrophic dendrimers protect neurons in pre-clinical in vitro models of neurodegenerative disorders ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces accepted for publication

1. Fendler, A., Shepherd, S.T.C. Au, L., …., Wilkinson, R.J., Larkin, J., Turajlic, S.  on behalf of the CAPTURE consortium Functional immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern after fourth COVID-19 vaccine dose or infection in patients with blood cancer Cell Reports Medicine accepted for publication

1. Wouters, E., Stek, C., Swartz, A., Buyze, J., Schitz, C., Tinmann, F., Wilkinson, R.J., Meintjes, G., Lynen, L., Nöstlinger, C. Prednisone for the Prevention of Tuberculosis-Associated IRIS (randomized controlled trial): Impact on the Health-Related Quality of Life Frontiers in Psychology accepted for publication

1. Amaral, E., Foreman, T., Namasivayam, S., Hilligan, K., Kauffman, K., Bomfim, C.B., Costa, D., Barreto-Duarte, B., Gurgel-Rocha, C., Santana, M., Cordeiro-Santos, M., du Bruyn, E., Riou, C., Aberman, K., Wilkinson, R.J., Barber, D., Mayer-Barber, K., Andrade, B.B., and Sher, A.F. GPX4 regulates cellular necrosis and host resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection Journal of Experimental Medicine (2022) 219 (11) : e20220504 PMID 36069923

1. Makatsa, M.S., Omondi, F.M.A., Bunjun, R., Wilkinson, R.J., Riou, C., Burgers, W.A. Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Specific Th22 Cells and the Effect of Tuberculosis Disease and HIV Coinfection Journal of Immunology (2022) Jul 1;ji2200140 PMID 35777848

1. Ariza-Vioque, E., Ello, F., Andriamamonjisoa, H., …., Wilkinson, R.J., …., Calmy, A., Bonnet, F., Ambrosioni, J.; INTENSE-TBM Group. Capacity Building in Sub-Saharan Africa as Part of the INTENSE-TBM Project During the COVID-19 Pandemic Infectious Diseases Therapy (2022) Jun 29:1-15. PMID 35767219 PMCID PMC9244532

1. Boloko L., Schitz, C., Sibiya, N., Balfour, A., Ward, A., Shey, M., Nicol, M.P., Burton, R., Wilkinson, R.J., Maartens, G., Meintjes, G., Barr, D.A. Xpert Ultra testing of blood in severe HIV-associated tuberculosis to detect and measure Mycobacterium tuberculosis blood stream infection: a diagnostic and disease biomarker cohort study Lancet Microbe (2022) May 26;S2666-5247(22)00062-3 PMID 35644157 PMCID PMC9242865

1. Davies, M-A., Kassanjee, R., Rosseau, P., …  Wilkinson, R.J., Arendse, J., Kariem, S., Moodley, M., Wolmarans, M., Cloete, K., Boulle, A. Outcomes of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Omicron-driven fourth wave compared with previous waves in the Western Cape Province, South Africa Tropical Medicine and International Health (2022) 27(6):564-573 PMID 35411997 PMCID PMC9115442

1. Mbandi, S.K., Painter, H., Penn-Nicholson, A., Toefy, A., Erasmus, M., Hanekom, W.A., Scriba, T.J., Lai, R.P-J., Marais, S., Fletcher, H.A., Meintjes, G., Wilkinson, R.J., Cotton, M.F., Pahwa, S., Cameron, M.J., Nemes, E. Host transcriptomic signatures of tuberculosis can predict immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV patients European Journal of Immunology (2022) 10.1002/eji.202249815 PMID 35398886

1. Middelkoop, K., Walker, N., Stewart, J., Delport, C., Jolliffe, D.A., Nuttall, J., Coussens, A.K., Naude, C.E., Tang, J.C.Y., Fraser, W.D., Wilkinson, R.J., Bekker, L-G., Martineau, A.R. Prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency in 1,825 Cape Town primary schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study Nutrients (2022) 14: 1263 PMID 35334921 PMCID PMC8952729

1. Barr, D.A., Schutz, C., Balfour, A., Shey, M., Kamariza, M., Bertozzi, C.R., de Wet, T., Dinkele, R., Amy Ward, A., Haigh, K.A. Kanyik, J-P., Mizrahi, V., Nicol, M.P., Wilkinson, R.J., Lalloo, D.G., Warner, D.F., Meintjes, G., Davies, G. Serial measurement of M. tuberculosis in blood from critically-ill patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis Ebiomedicine (2022) 78: 103949 PMID 35325781 PMCID PMC8938880

1. Martin, D.P., Lytras, S., Lucaci, A.G., … Wilkinson, R.J., …., Kosakovsky Pond, S.L. Selection analysis identifies clusters of unusual mutational changes in Omicron lineage BA.1 that likely impact Spike function Molecular Biology and Evolution (2022) Mar 24:msac061. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msac061 PMID 35325204 PMCID PMC8786225

1. Zürcher, K., Reichmuth, M.L., Ballif, M., …. Wilkinson, R.J., Cox, H., Yotebieng, M., Huebner, R., Fenner, F., Böttger, E.C., Gagneux, S., Egger, M. on behalf of the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA). Mortality of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis in High-burden Countries: Comparison of Routine Drug Susceptibility Testing with Whole-genome Sequencing Lancet Microbe (2021) 2 (7) E320-E330 PMID 35252901 PMCID PMC8896764

1. Fendler, A., Au, L., Shepherd, S.T.C., Byrne, F., …, Wilkinson, R.J., Turajlic, S. on behalf of the CAPTURE consortium Functional antibody and T cell immunity following SARS-CoV-2 infection, including by variants of concern, in patients with cancer: the CAPTURE study Nature Cancer (2021) 2(12):1321-1337 PMID 35121900

1. Keeton, R., Tincho, M.B., Ngomti, A., … Wilkinson, R.J., de Oliveira, T., Bekker, L-G., Gray, G., Ueckermann, V., Rossouw, T., Boswell, M.T., Bihman, J., Moore, P.L., Sigal, A., Ntusi, N.A.B., Burgers, W.A., Riou, C. T cell responses to SARS-1 CoV-2 spike cross-recognize Omicron Nature (2022) 603: 488-492 PMID 35102311 PMCID PMC8930768

1. del Rosario, R.C.H., Poschmann, J., Lim, C., …, Wilkinson, R.J., Wang, Y.T., George, C., De Libero, G., Singhal, A., Prabhakar, S. Histone acetylome-wide associations in immune cells from individuals with active Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection Nature Microbiology (2022) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-021-01049-w PMID 35102304

1. Blumenthal, M.J., Lambarey, H., Chetram, A., Riou, C., Wilkinson, R.J., Schäfer, G. KSHV, but not EBV, co-infection associates with COVID-19 severity and outcome in South African patients Frontiers in Microbiology (2022) 12:795555 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.795555 PMID 35069495 PMCID PMC8770866

1. Coppola, M., Lai, R.P-J., Wilkinson, R.J., Ottenhoff, T.H.M. The in vivo transcriptomic blueprint of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lung Frontiers in Immunology (2021) 12:763364 PMID 35003075 PMCID PMC8727759

1. Fendler, A., Shepherd, S.T.C., Au, L., … Wilkinson, R.J., Larkin, J., Turajlic, S.; CAPTURE consortium. Immune responses following third COVID-19 vaccination are reduced in patients with hematological malignancies compared to patients with solid cancer. Cancer Cell† 2022 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9059840/40(4):438. PMID 34968417 PMCID PMC8996376

1. Fendler, A., Shepherd, S.T.C., Au, L., Wilkinson, K.A., … Wilkinson, R.J., Larkin, J., Turajlic, S., The Crick COVID consortium. Adaptive immunity and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern following vaccination in patients with cancer: the CAPTURE study. Nature Cancer (2021) 2:1321-1337 PMID 35121899 PMCID PMC7612125

1. Riou, C ., Keeton, R., Moyo-Gwete, T., Hermanus, T., Kgagudi, P., Baguma, R.,Valley-Omar, Z., Smith, M., Tegally, H., Doolabh, D., Iranzadeh, A., Tyers, L., Mutavhatsindi, H., Tincho, M.B., Benede, N., Marais, G., Chinhoyi, L.R., Mennen, M., Skelem, S., du Bruyn, E., Stek, C., de Oliveira, T., Williamson, C., Moore, P.L., Wilkinson, R.J., Ntusi, N.A.B., Burgers, W. Escape from recognition of SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant spike epitopes but overall preservation of T cell immunity Science Translational Medicine (2022) (631):eabj6824 PMID 34931886

1. Lai, R.P-J., Cortes, T., Marais, S., Rockwood, N.S., Burke, M.L., Garza-Garcia, A., Horswell, S., Sesay, A.K., O'Garra, A., Young, D.B., Wilkinson, R.J. Transcriptomic characterization of tuberculous sputum reveals a host Warburg effect and microbial cholesterol catabolism mBio† (2021) Dec 7;e0176621.doi: 10.1128/mBio.01766-21 PMID 34872348 PMCID PMC8649757

1. Gupte, A.N., Kumar, P., Araújo-Pereira, M., … Wilkinson, R. J., Mave, V., Babu, S., Kornfeld, H., Andrade, B.B., Gupta, A. Baseline IL-6 is a biomarker for unfavorable tuberculosis treatment outcomes: a multi-site discovery and validation study European Respiratory Journal (2021) DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00905-2021 PMID 34711538

1. Chen, R.Y., Yu, X., Smith, B., liu, X., Gao, J., Diacon, A.S., Dawson, R., Tameris, M., Zhu, H., Qu, Y., Zhang, R., Pan, S., Jin, X., Goldfeder, L., Cai, Y., Arora, K., Wang, J., Vincent, J., Malherbe, S., Tinman, F., Wilkinson, R.J., Walzl, G., Barry III, C.E. Radiologic and functional evidence of the bronchial spread of tuberculosis: an observational analysis Lancet Microbe (2021) 2(10):e518-e526 PMID 34617068 PMCID PMC8478663

1. Barr, D.A., Omollo, C., Mason, M., Koch, A., Wilkinson, R.J., Lalloo, D.G., Meintjes, G., Mizrahi, V., Warner, D.F., Davies, G. Flow cytometry method for absolute counting and single-cell phenotyping of 3 mycobacteria Scientific Reports (2021) 11(1):18661 PMID 34545154 PMCID PMC8452731

1. Bunjun, R., Omondi, F.M.A., Makatsa, M.S, Keeton, R., Wendoh, J.M., Muller, T.L., Prentice, C., Wilkinson, R.J., Riou, C.R., Burgers, W.A. Th22 cells are a major contributor to the mycobacterial CD4+ T cell response and are depleted during HIV infection Journal of Immunology (2021) 207(5):1239-1249 PMID 34389623 PMCID PMC8387408

1. Du Bruyn, E., Fukutani, K.F., Rockwood, N.S., Schutz, C., Meintjes, G.A., Arriaga, M.B., Cubillos-Angulo, J.M., Tibúrcio, R., Sher, A.F., Riou, C., Wilkinson, K.A., Andrade, B.B., Wilkinson, R.J. Inflammatory profile of HIV uninfected and co-infected patients with tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study and immunological network analysis Lancet Microbe (2021) 2(8):e375-e385 PMID 34386782 PMCID PMC8357308

1. Bohrer, A., Castro, E., Hu, Z., Tocheny, C., Assmann, M., Sakai, S., Nelson, C., Baker, P., Ma, H., Wang, L., Zilu, W., Du Bruyn, E., Riou, C., Kauffman, K., Moore, I., Del Nonno, F., Petrone, L., Goletti, D., Martineau, A., Cronan, M., Wilkinson, R.J., Barry III, C.E., Via, L.E., Barber, D.L., Klion, K., Andrade, B.B., Song, Y., Wong, K-W., Queiroz, A., Lowe, D.M., Mayer-Barber, K. Eosinophils are an integral component of the pulmonary granulocyte response in tuberculosis and promote host resistance in mice Journal of Experimental Medicine (2021) 218(10):e20210469 PMID 34347010 PMCID PMC8348215

1. Altman, M. C., Rinchai, D., Baldwin, N., … Wilkinson, R. J., … Banchereau, J., Chaussabel, D. Development of a fixed module repertoire for the analysis and interpretation of blood transcriptome data Nature Communications (2021) 12(1):4385 PMID 34282143

1. Bunjun, R., Soares, A.P., Thawer, N., Müller, T.L., Kiravu, A., Ginbot, Z., Corleis, B., Murugan, B.D., Kwon, D.S., von Groote-Bidlingmaier, F., Riou, C., Wilkinson, R.J., Walzl, G., Burgers, W.A. Dysregulation of the immune environment in the airways during HIV infection Frontiers in Immunology (2021) Jun 30;12:707355. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.707355 PMID 34276702 PMCID PMC8278481

1. Riou, C.R., Schafer, G., du Bruyn, E., Goliath, R.T., Stek, C., Mou, H., Hung, D., Wilkinson, K.A., Wilkinson, R.J. Rapid, simplified whole blood-based multiparameter assay to quantify and phenotype SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells European Respiratory Journal (2022) 59(1):2100285 PMID 34140294 PMCID PMC8215505

1. Au, L., Fendler, A., Shepherd, S.T.C., … Wilkinson, R.J., Lau, D., Starling, N., Chau, I., Turajlic, S. on behalf of the CAPTURE Consortium Cytokine release syndrome in the context of BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine and anti-PD-1 blockade in a patient with colorectal cancer Nature Medicine (2021) 27(8):1362-1366 PMID 34040262

1. Gliddon, H.D., Kaforou, M., Alikian, M., Habgood-Coote, D., Zhou, C., Oni, T., Anderson, S.T.B., Brent, A.J., Crampin, A.C., Eley, B., Heyderman, R.S., Kern, F., Langford, P.R., Ottenhoff, T.H.M., Hibberd, M.L., French, N., Wright, V.J., Dockrell, H.M., Coin, L.J.M., Wilkinson, R.J., Levin, M. Identification of reduced host transcriptomic signatures for tuberculosis disease and digital PCR-based validation and quantification Frontiers in Immunology (2021) 12:637164 PMID 33763081 PMCID PMC7982854

1. Wilkinson, K.A., Schneider-Luftman, D., Lai, R.P-J., Barrington, C., Jhilmeet, N., Lowe, D.M., Kelly, G., Wilkinson, R.J. Antiretroviral treatment-induced decrease in immune activation contributes to reduced susceptibility to tuberculosis in HIV-1/Mtb co-infected persons Frontiers in Immunology (2021) 12:645446PMID 33746987 PMCID PMC7973093

1. Morris, T.C., Hoggart, C.J., Chegou, N.N. Kidd, M., Oni, T., Goliath, R.T., Wilkinson, K.A., Dockrell, H.M., Sichali, L., Banda, L., Crampin, A.C., French, N., Walzl, G., Levin, M., Wilkinson, R.J., Hamilton, M.S. Evaluation of host serum protein biomarkers of tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa Frontiers in Immunology (2021) 12:639174 PMID 33717190 PMCID PMC7947659

1. Pouget, M., Coussens, A.K., Ruggiero, A., Koch, A., Thomas, J., Besra, G.S., Wilkinson, R.J., Bhatt, A., Pollakis, G., Paxton, W.A. Generation of liposomes to study the effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipids on HIV-1 cis- and trans-infections International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2021) 22(4):1945 PMID 33669411 PMCID PMC7920488

1. Schiff, A.E., Luhembo, S.N., Linder, A.H., Banning, S., Deymier, M.J., Diefenbach, T.J., Dickey, A.K., Athe Tsibris, A.M., Balazs, A.B., Cho, J.L., Medoff, B.D., Wilkinson, R.J., Burgers, W.A., Corleis, B., and Kwon, D.S. T-tropic HIV-1 efficiently infects alveolar macrophages through contact with infected CD4+ T cells Scientific Reports (2021) 11(1):3890 PMID 33594125 PMCID PMC7886866

1. Glanzmann, B., Jooste, T., Ghoor, S., Gordon, R., Mia, R., Mao, J., Li, H., Charls, P., Douman, C., Kotze, M.J., Peeters, A.V., Loots, G., Esser, M., Tiemessen, C.T., Wilkinson, R.J., Louw, J., Gray, G., Warren, R.M., Möller, M., Kinnear, C. Human Whole Genome Sequencing in South Africa Scientific Reports (2021) 11(1):606 PMID 33436733 PMCID PMC7803990

1. Stek, C., Buyze, J., Menten, J., Schutz, C., Tinman, F., Blumenthal, L., Maartens, G., Boyles, T., Wilkinson, R.J., Meintjes, G., and Lynen, L. Diagnostic accuracy of the INSHI consensus case definition for the diagnosis of paradoxical tuberculosis-IRIS. Journal of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (2021) 86(5):587-592 PMID 33394813 PMCID PMC7938911

1. Ross, J.M., Badje, A., Rangaka, M.X., Walker, S., Shapiro, A.E., Thomas, K.K. Anglaret, X., Eholie, S., Gabillard, D., Boulle, A., Maartens, G., Wilkinson, R.J., Ford, N., Golub, J.E., Williams, B.G., Barnabas, R.V. Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Added to ART to Prevent TB: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis Lancet HIV (2021) 8: e8–15 PMID 33387480 PMCID PMC7875572

1. Kroon, E.E., Kinnear, C.J., Orlova, M., Fischinger, S., Shin, S., Boolay, S., Walzl, G., Jacobs,A., Robert J. Wilkinson, R.J., Alter, G., Schurr, E., Hoal, E.G., & Möller, M. An observational study identifying highly tuberculosis-exposed, HIV-1-positive but persistently TB, tuberculin and IGRA negative persons with M. tuberculosis specific antibodies in Cape Town, South Africa eBiomedicine (2020) Oct 7;61:103053. PMID 33038764 PMCID PMC7648124

1. Riou, C., Du Bruyn, E., Ruzive, S., Goliath, R.T., Lindestam Arlehamn, C.S., Sette, A., Sher, A., Barber, D.L., Wilkinson, R.J. Disease extent and anti-tubercular treatment response correlates with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cell phenotype regardless of HIV-1 status Clinical and Translational Immunology (2020) 9(9):e1176 PMID 33005414 PMCID PMC7520805

1. Reichmuth, M., Hömke, R., Zürcher, K., Sander, P., Avihingsanon, A., Collantes, J., Loiseau, C., Borrell, S., Reinhard, M., Wilkinson, R.J., Yotebieng, M., Fenner, F., Böttger, E., Gagneux, S., Egger, M., Keller, P. Natural Polymorphisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Conferring Resistance to Delamanid in Drug-naïve patients Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (2020) 64(11):1-5PMID 32868333 PMCID PMC7577131

1. Sabeel, S., Motaung, B., Ozturk, M., Mukasa, S., Kengne, A.P., Blom, D., Sliwa, K. Nepolo, E., Günther, G., Wilkinson, R.J., Schacht, C., Thienemann, F., Guler, R. Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis: impact of statins as immune-modulatory agents on inflammatory markers in adults with chronic diseases BMJ Open (2020) Aug 13;10(8):e039034 PMID 32792452 PMCID PMC7430409

1. Garay-Baquero, D.J., White, C., Walker, N.F., Tebruegge, M., Schiff, H.F., Ugarte-Gil, C., Morris-Jones, S., Marshall, B.G., Manousopoulou, A., Adamson, J.H., Vallejo, J., Bielecka, M.K., Wilkinson, R.J., Tezera, L., Woelk, C., Garbis, S.D., Elkington, P. Comprehensive plasma proteomic profiling reveals novel biomarkers for active tuberculosis Journal of Clinical Investigation Insight (2020) 5(18):e137427 PMID 32780727 PMCID PMC7526553

1. Loiseau, C., Brites, D.,  Reinhard, M., Kathrin Zuercher, K., Borrell, S.,  Ballif, M.,  Fenner, L., Helen Cox, H.,   Rutaihwa, L.K., Wilkinson, R.J., Yotebieng, M., Carter, E.J., Abimiku, A., Marcy, O., Gotuzzo, E.,  Avihingsanon, A., Zetola, N.,  Doulla, B., Boettger, E.C. ,Egger, M., Gagneux, S. HIV coinfection is associated with low fitness rpoB variants in rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (2020) 64(11):e00513-2 PMID 32718966 PMCID PMC7508592

1. Du Bruyn, E., Ruzive, S., Lindestam Arlehamn, C.S., Sette, A., Sher, A.F, Barber, D.L., Wilkinson, R.J., Riou, C.R. Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells expressing CD153 inversely associate with bacterial load and disease severity in human tuberculosis Mucosal Immunology (2021) 14(2):491-499PMID 32678272 PMCID PMC7855386

1. Peterson, T.E., Baker, J.V., Wong, L-Y, Rupert, A., Ntusi, N., Esmail, H., Wilkinson, R.J., Sereti, I., Meintjes, G., Ntsekhe, M., Tinman, F. Elevated NT-proBNP Among Persons Living with HIV in a South African Peri-Urban Township ESC Heart Failure 2020 7(5):3246-3251 PMID 32585776 PMCID PMC7524119

1. 337. Lerner, T.R., Queval, C.J., Lai, R., P-J, Russell, M., Fearns, A., Greenwood, D.J., Collinson, L., Wilkinson, R.J., and Gutierrez, M.G. Mycobacterium tuberculosis cords within lymphatic endothelial cells to evade host immunity Journal of Clinical Investigation Insight (2020) May 5:136937. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.136937. Online ahead of print PMID 32369443 PMCID PMC7259532

1. Tezera, L.B., Bielecka, M.K., Ogongo, P., Walker, N.F., Ellis, M., Garay-Baquero, D.J., Thomas, K., Reichmann, M., Johnston, D.A., Wilkinson, K.A., Ahmed, M., Jogai, S., Jayasinghe, S.,Wilkinson, R.J., Mansour, S., Thomas, G., Ottensmeier, C., Leslie, A., Elkington, P. Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy leads to tuberculosis reactivation via dysregulation of TNF-α eLife (2020) 9:e52668 PMID 32091388 PMCID PMC7058383

1. Sossen, B., Broger, T., Kerkhoff, A.D., Schutz, C., Trollip, A., Moreau,E., Schumacher, S.G., Burton, R., Ward, A., Wilkinson, R.J., Barr, D.A., Nicol, M.P.,  Denkinger, C.M., and Meintjes, G. SILVAMP TB-LAM rapid urine tuberculosis test predicts mortality in hospitalized HIV patients in South Africa Clinical Infectious Diseases (2020) 71(8):1973-1976 PMID 31917832 PMCID PMC8240995

1. Schutz, C., Chirehwa, M., Barr, D., Ward, A., Janssen, S., Burton, R., Wilkinson, R.J., Shey, M., Wiesner, L., Denti, P., McIlleron, H., Maartens, G., Meintjes, G. Early antituberculosis drug exposure in hospitalized patients with human immunodeficiency virus associated tuberculosis British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2020) 86(5):966-978 PMID 31912537 PMCID PMC7163385

1. Stek, C., Allwood, B., Du Bruyn, E., Buyze, J., Schutz, C., Tinman, F., Lombard, A., Wilkinson, R.J., Meintjes, G., Lynen, L. The effect of HIV-associated tuberculosis, tuberculosis-IRIS, and prednisone on lung function European Respiratory Journal (2020) Mar 12;55(3). pii: 1901692. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01692-2019 PMID 31862762 PMCID PMC7066470

1. Riou, C.R., Jhilmeet, N., Rangaka, M.X., Wilkinson, R.J., Wilkinson, K.A. Tuberculosis antigen-specific T cell responses during the first 6 months of antiretroviral treatment Journal of Infectious Diseases (2020) 221(1):162-167  PMID 31419285 PMCID PMC6910879

1. Walker, N.F., Opondo, C., Meintjes, G., Jhilmeet, N., Friedland J.S., Elkington, P.T., Wilkinson, R.J., Wilkinson, K.A. Invariant Natural Killer T cell dynamics in HIV-associated tuberculosis Clinical Infectious Diseases (2020) 70(9):1865-1874 PMID 31190065 PMCID PMC7156773

1. Dreyer. V., Mandal, A., Dev, P., Merker, M., Barilar, I., Utpatel, C., Nilgiriwala, K., Rodrigues, C., Crook, D.W.; CRyPTIC Consortium, Rasigade, J.P., Wirth, T., Mistry, N., Niemann, S. High fluoroquinolone resistance proportions among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis driven by dominant L2 Mycobacterium tuberculosis clones in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Genome Medicine (2022):14(1):95 PMID 35989319

1. The CRyPTIC Consortium. Genome-wide association studies of global Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to 13 antimicrobials in 10,228 genomes identify new resistance mechanisms. PLoS Biology (2022) 20(8):e3001755 PMID 35944070 PMCID PMC9363015

1. The CRyPTIC Consortium A data compendium associating the genomes of 12,289 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates with quantitative resistance phenotypes to 13 antibiotics. PLoS Biology (2022) 20(8):e3001721 PMID 35944069 PMCID PMC9363010

1. Fowler P.W., Wright, C., Spiers, H., Zhu, T., Baeten, E.M.L., Hoosdally, S.W., Gibertoni Cruz, A.L., Roohi, A., Kouchaki, S., Walker, T.M., Peto, T.E.A., Miller, G., Lintott, C., Clifton, D., Crook, D.W., Walker, A.S.; Zooniverse Volunteer Community; CRyPTIC Consortium. A crowd of BashTheBug volunteers reproducibly and accurately measure the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 13 antitubercular drugs from photographs of 96-well broth microdilution plates. Elife (2022) May 19;11:e75046. doi: 10.7554/eLife.75046. PMID 35588296 PMCID PMC9286738

1. Antimycobacterial Susceptibility Testing Group Updating the approaches to define susceptibility and resistance to anti-tuberculosis agents: implications for diagnosis and treatment European Respiratory Journal (2022) 59(4):2200166 PMID 35422426 PMCID PMC9059840

1. Walker, T.M., Miotto, P., Köser, C.U., Fowler, P.W., Knaggs, J., Iqbal, Z., Hunt, M., Chindelevitch, L., Farhat, M., Cirillo, D.M., Comas, I., Posey, J., Omar, S.V., Peto, T.E., Suresh, A., Uplekar, S., Laurent, S., Colman, R.E., Nathanson, C.M., Zignol, M., Walker, A.S.; CRyPTIC Consortium; Seq&Treat Consortium, Crook D.W., Ismail, N., Rodwell, T.C. The 2021 WHO catalogue of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex mutations associated with drug resistance: A genotypic analysis. Lancet Microbe (2022) Apr;3(4):e265-e273. PMID 35373160 PMCID PMC7612554

1. Davis, A.G., Donovan, J., Bremer, M., Van Toorn, R., Schoeman, J., Ariba Dadabhoy, A., Lai, R., P-J., Cresswell, F.V., Boulware, D.R., Wilkinson, R.J., Thuong, N.T.T., Thwaites, G.E., Bahr, N.C.and Tuberculous Meningitis International Research Consortium Host Directed Therapies for Tuberculous Meningitis [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] Wellcome Open Research (2021) 5:292 PMID 35118196 PMCID PMC8792876

1. Burke, R.M., Rickman, H.M., Singh, V., Kalua, T., Labhardt, N.D., Hosseinipour, M., Wilkinson, R.J., MacPherson, P. Same-day antiretroviral therapy initiation in people living with HIV who have tuberculosis symptoms: a systematic review HIV Medicine (2022) 23(1):4-15PMID 34528368

1. Burke, R.M., Rickman, H.M., Singh, V., Corbett, E.L., Ayles, H., Jahn, A., Hosseinipour, M., Wilkinson, R.J., MacPherson, P. What is the optimum time to start antiretroviral therapy in people with HIV and tuberculosis coinfection? A systematic review and meta-analysis Journal of the International AIDS Society (2021) 24(7):e25772 PMID 34289243

1. Davis, A.G. and Wilkinson, R.J. Aspirin in tuberculous meningitis EClinicalMedicine (2021) 35: 100871 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100871 PMID 34027331 PMCID PMC8129888

1. Ordonez, A.A., Tucker, E.W., Anderson, C.J., Carter, C.L., Ganatra, S., Kaushal, D., Kramnik, I., Lin, P.L., Madigan, C.A., Mendez, S., Rao, J., Savic, R.M., Tobin, D.M., Walzl, G., Wilkinson, R.J., Lacourciere, K.A., Via, L.E., Jain, S.K. Visualizing the dynamics of tuberculosis pathology using molecular imaging Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021);131(5):e145107 PMID 33645551 PMCID PMC7919721

1. Cresswell, F., Davis, A.G., Sharma, K., Basu Roy, R., Ganiem, A.R., Kagimu, E., Solomons, R., Wilkinson, R.J., Bahr, N.C., Thuong, N.T.T. , Tuberculous Meningitis International Research Consortium Recent Developments in Tuberculous Meningitis Pathogenesis and Diagnostics Wellcome Open Research 4:164(https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15506.1)PMID 33364436 PMCID PMC7739117

1. Wilkinson, R.J. Tuberculosis and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: an inflammatory danger signal in the time of COVID-19 Clinical Infectious Diseases (2021) 72(1)79-81 PMID 32533824 PMCID PMC7314248

1. Waters, R., Ndengane, M., Abrahams, M-R., Diedrich C.R., Wilkinson, R.J., Coussens, A.K. The TB-HIV syndemic interaction: why treating M. tuberculosis infection may be crucial for HIV-1 eradication Future Virology (2020) 15(2):101-125 PMID 32273900

1. Howlett, P.J., Du Bruyn, E., Morrison, H., Godsent, I.C., Wilkinson, K.A., Ntsekhe, M., Wilkinson, R.J. The Immunopathogenesis of Tuberculous Pericarditis Microbes and Infection (2020) Feb 21. pii: S1286-4579(20)30029-0. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.02.001. PMID 32092538.

1. Davis, A.G. and Wilkinson, R.J. The diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis Lancet Infectious Diseases† (2020) 20(3):262-263 PMID 31924552
2. Roy, H.A., Cascini, N., Ajay, B., Mukherjee, S., McGavin, L., Inman, A., Martin, A.J., Wilkinson, R.J., Whitfield, P.C. Intracranial tuberculoma and the challenges of global neurosurgery Advances in Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation (2021) 20(4): https://doi.org/10.47795/WBYY8184